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Autonomous driving is a complex undertaking. A common approach is to break down the driving task into individual subtasks through modularization. These sub-modules are usually developed and published separately. However, if these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Simon Sagmeister , Simon Hoffmann , Tobias Betz , Dominic Ebner , Daniel Esser , Markus Lienkamp

We introduce and open-source the Unified Autonomy Stack, a system-level solution that enables resilient autonomy across diverse aerial and ground robot morphologies. The architecture centers on three synergistic modules -- multi-modal…

Achieving safe and robust autonomy is the key bottleneck on the path towards broader adoption of autonomous vehicles technology. This motivates going beyond extrinsic metrics such as miles between disengagement, and calls for approaches…

This work presents AutoDRIVE, a comprehensive research and education platform for implementing and validating intelligent transportation algorithms pertaining to vehicular autonomy as well as smart city management. It is an openly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak

Although many research vehicle platforms for autonomous driving have been built in the past, hardware design, source code and lessons learned have not been made available for the next generation of demonstrators. This raises the efforts for…

Small-scale autonomous vehicle platforms provide a cost-effective environment for developing and testing advanced driving systems. However, specific configurations within this scale are underrepresented, limiting full awareness of their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Hossein Maghsoumi , Yaser Fallah

Autonomous vehicle (AV) stacks have traditionally relied on decomposed approaches, with separate modules handling perception, prediction, and planning. However, this design introduces information loss during inter-module communication,…

As highly automated driving is transitioning from single-vehicle closed-access testing to commercial deployments of public ride-hailing in selected areas (e.g., Waymo), automated driving and connected cooperative intelligent transport…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jean-Pierre Busch , Lukas Ostendorf , Guido Linden , Lennart Reiher , Till Beemelmanns , Bastian Lampe , Timo Woopen , Lutz Eckstein

Modern autonomous driving system is characterized as modular tasks in sequential order, i.e., perception, prediction, and planning. In order to perform a wide diversity of tasks and achieve advanced-level intelligence, contemporary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yihan Hu , Jiazhi Yang , Li Chen , Keyu Li , Chonghao Sima , Xizhou Zhu , Siqi Chai , Senyao Du , Tianwei Lin , Wenhai Wang , Lewei Lu , Xiaosong Jia , Qiang Liu , Jifeng Dai , Yu Qiao , Hongyang Li

Autonomous racing in robotics combines high-speed dynamics with the necessity for reliability and real-time decision-making. While such racing pushes software and hardware to their limits, many existing full-system solutions necessitate…

This paper presents a functional system architecture for an automated vehicle. It provides an overall, generic structure that is independent of a specific implementation of a particular vehicle project. Yet, it has been inspired and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Simon Ulbrich , Andreas Reschka , Jens Rieken , Susanne Ernst , Gerrit Bagschik , Frank Dierkes , Marcus Nolte , Markus Maurer

Autonomous vehicle (AV) stacks are typically built in a modular fashion, with explicit components performing detection, tracking, prediction, planning, control, etc. While modularity improves reusability, interpretability, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Peter Karkus , Boris Ivanovic , Shie Mannor , Marco Pavone

The way to full autonomy of public road vehicles requires the step-by-step replacement of the human driver, with the ultimate goal of replacing the driver completely. Eventually, the driving software has to be able to handle all situations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Leonhard Hermansdorfer , Johannes Betz , Markus Lienkamp

This paper presents the algorithms and system architecture of an autonomous racecar. The introduced vehicle is powered by a software stack designed for robustness, reliability, and extensibility. In order to autonomously race around a…

Recently, there have been many advances in autonomous driving society, attracting a lot of attention from academia and industry. However, existing works mainly focus on cars, extra development is still required for self-driving truck…

Autonomous vehicle platoons present near- and long-term opportunities to enhance operational efficiencies and save lives. The past 30 years have seen rapid development in the autonomous driving space, enabling new technologies that will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Michael Shaham , Risha Ranjan , Engin Kirda , Taskin Padir

AutoDRIVE is envisioned to be an integrated research and education platform for scaled autonomous vehicles and related applications. This work is a stepping-stone towards achieving the greater goal of realizing such a platform.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Ming Xie

We describe the computing tasks involved in autonomous driving, examine existing autonomous driving computing platform implementations. To enable autonomous driving, the computing stack needs to simultaneously provide high performance, low…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Shaoshan Liu , Jie Tang , Zhe Zhang , Jean-Luc Gaudiot

Prototyping and validating hardware-software components, sub-systems and systems within the intelligent transportation system-of-systems framework requires a modular yet flexible and open-access ecosystem. This work presents our attempt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Sivanathan Kandhasamy , Venkat Krovi , Ming Xie

Despite the numerous successes of machine learning over the past decade (image recognition, decision-making, NLP, image synthesis), self-driving technology has not yet followed the same trend. In this paper, we study the history,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Ashesh Jain , Luca Del Pero , Hugo Grimmett , Peter Ondruska
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