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Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are able to understand visual concepts, describe and decompose complex tasks into sub-tasks, and provide feedback on task completion. In this paper, we aim to leverage these capabilities to support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 David Venuto , Sami Nur Islam , Martin Klissarov , Doina Precup , Sherry Yang , Ankit Anand

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful general-purpose interfaces for many machine learning problems. Recent work has adapted LLMs to generative visual tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and visual chat,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Piotr Teterwak , Ximeng Sun , Bryan A. Plummer , Kate Saenko , Ser-Nam Lim

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in visual understanding and reasoning, such as in Visual Question Answering (VQA), where the model is asked a question related to a visual input. Still, these models can make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ben Vardi , Oron Nir , Ariel Shamir

The creation of high-quality human-labeled image-caption datasets presents a significant bottleneck in the development of Visual-Language Models (VLMs). In this work, we investigate an approach that leverages the strengths of Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sahand Sharifzadeh , Christos Kaplanis , Shreya Pathak , Dharshan Kumaran , Anastasija Ilic , Jovana Mitrovic , Charles Blundell , Andrea Banino

Joint vision-language models have shown great performance over a diverse set of tasks. However, little is known about their limitations, as the high dimensional space learned by these models makes it difficult to identify semantic errors.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Santiago Castro , Oana Ignat , Rada Mihalcea

Vision-language models (VLMs) extend the conventional large language models by integrating visual data, enabling richer multimodal reasoning and significantly broadens the practical applications of AI. However, including visual inputs also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Daulet Toibazar , Kesen Wang , Sherif Mohamed , Abdulaziz Al-Badawi , Abdulrahman Alfulayt , Pedro J. Moreno

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, establish the correlation between texts and images, achieving remarkable success on various downstream tasks with fine-tuning. In existing fine-tuning methods, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Yi Zhang , Ce Zhang , Yushun Tang , Zhihai He

Many vision-language models (VLMs) that prove very effective at a range of multimodal task, build on CLIP-based vision encoders, which are known to have various limitations. We investigate the hypothesis that the strong language backbone in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sho Takishita , Jay Gala , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Kentaro Inui , Yova Kementchedjhieva

This work presents an end-to-end trainable deep bidirectional LSTM (Long-Short Term Memory) model for image captioning. Our model builds on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and two separate LSTM networks. It is capable of learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Cheng Wang , Haojin Yang , Christian Bartz , Christoph Meinel

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in various downstream tasks, including Image/Video Generation, Visual Question Answering, Multimodal Chatbots, and Video Understanding. However, these models often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ahmad Mustafa Anis , Hasnain Ali , Saquib Sarfraz

Large language models (LLMs)-based image captioning has the capability of describing objects not explicitly observed in training data; yet novel objects occur frequently, necessitating the requirement of sustaining up-to-date object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jiaxuan Li , Duc Minh Vo , Akihiro Sugimoto , Hideki Nakayama

Multimodal systems have highly complex processing pipelines and are pretrained over large datasets before being fine-tuned for specific tasks such as visual captioning. However, it becomes hard to disentangle what the model learns during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Monika Shah , Somdeb Sarkhel , Deepak Venugopal

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) has shown remarkable zero-shot transfer capabilities in cross-modal correlation tasks such as visual classification and image retrieval. However, its performance in cross-modal generation tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Junyang Wang , Yi Zhang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Jitao Sang

The ability to quickly learn from a small quantity oftraining data widens the range of machine learning applications. In this paper, we propose a data-efficient image captioning model, VisualGPT, which leverages the linguistic knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jun Chen , Han Guo , Kai Yi , Boyang Li , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Large-scale web-crawled datasets are fundamental for the success of pre-training vision-language models, such as CLIP. However, the inherent noise and potential irrelevance of web-crawled AltTexts pose challenges in achieving precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Zhengfeng Lai , Haotian Zhang , Bowen Zhang , Wentao Wu , Haoping Bai , Aleksei Timofeev , Xianzhi Du , Zhe Gan , Jiulong Shan , Chen-Nee Chuah , Yinfei Yang , Meng Cao

Image captioning evaluation remains a significant challenge, as vision-language models evolve toward more challenging capabilities such as generating long-form and context-rich descriptions. State-of-the-art evaluation metrics involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gonçalo Gomes , Bruno Martins , Chrysoula Zerva

Training robust and generalizable reward models for human visual preferences is essential for aligning text-to-image and text-to-video generative models with human intent. However, current reward models often fail to generalize, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Alexander Gambashidze , Li Pengyi , Matvey Skripkin , Andrey Galichin , Anton Gusarov , Konstantin Sobolev , Andrey Kuznetsov , Ivan Oseledets

Recent multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) often struggle to generate personalized image captions, even when trained on high-quality captions. In this work, we observe that such limitations persist in existing post-training-based MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yeongtak Oh , Dohyun Chung , Juhyeon Shin , Sangha Park , Johan Barthelemy , Jisoo Mok , Sungroh Yoon

The cost of vision-and-language pre-training has become increasingly prohibitive due to end-to-end training of large-scale models. This paper proposes BLIP-2, a generic and efficient pre-training strategy that bootstraps vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Junnan Li , Dongxu Li , Silvio Savarese , Steven Hoi

Recent works often assume that Vision-Language Model (VLM) representations are based on visual attributes like shape. However, it is unclear to what extent VLMs prioritize this information to represent concepts. We propose Extract and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Reza Esfandiarpoor , Cristina Menghini , Stephen H. Bach