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Given a query composed of a reference image and a relative caption, the Composed Image Retrieval goal is to retrieve images visually similar to the reference one that integrates the modifications expressed by the caption. Given that recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Alberto Baldrati , Marco Bertini , Tiberio Uricchio , Alberto del Bimbo

Although natural language instructions offer an intuitive way to guide automated image editing, deep-learning models often struggle to achieve high-quality results, largely due to the difficulty of creating large, high-quality training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Sherry X. Chen , Misha Sra , Pradeep Sen

In this paper, we explore the potential of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), specifically CLIP, in predicting visual object relationships, which involves interpreting visual features from images into language-based relations. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Rakshith Subramanyam , T. S. Jayram , Rushil Anirudh , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Recently, large-scale vision-language pre-trained models like CLIP have shown impressive performance in image re-identification (ReID). In this work, we explore whether self-supervision can aid in the use of CLIP for image ReID tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Bin Wang , Yuying Liang , Lei Cai , Huakun Huang , Huanqiang Zeng

Despite the success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP in aligning vision and language, their proficiency in detailed, fine-grained visual comprehension remains a key challenge. We present CLIP-IN, a novel framework that bolsters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ziteng Wang , Siqi Yang , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) stands out as a prominent method for image representation learning. Various neural architectures, spanning Transformer-based models like Vision Transformers (ViTs) to Convolutional Networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Cristian Rodriguez-Opazo , Edison Marrese-Taylor , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Hamed Damirchi , Ignacio M. Jara , Felipe Bravo-Marquez , Anton van den Hengel

Large pretrained vision-language models like CLIP have shown promising generalization capability, but may struggle in specialized domains (e.g., satellite imagery) or fine-grained classification (e.g., car models) where the visual concepts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Chen Huang , Skyler Seto , Samira Abnar , David Grangier , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind

Contrastive cross-modal models such as CLIP and CLAP aid various vision-language (VL) and audio-language (AL) tasks. However, there has been limited investigation of and improvement in their language encoder, which is the central component…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mengjie Zhao , Junya Ono , Zhi Zhong , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Takashi Shibuya , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Contrastive vision-language models continue to be the dominant approach for image and text retrieval. Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) trains two neural networks in contrastive manner to align their image and text embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Kwun Ho Ngan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Joe Townsend , Artur d'Avila Garcez

We propose CLIP-Lite, an information efficient method for visual representation learning by feature alignment with textual annotations. Compared to the previously proposed CLIP model, CLIP-Lite requires only one negative image-text sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Aman Shrivastava , Ramprasaath R. Selvaraju , Nikhil Naik , Vicente Ordonez

Contrastive vision-language models like CLIP have shown great progress in transfer learning. In the inference stage, the proper text description, also known as prompt, needs to be carefully designed to correctly classify the given images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Tony Huang , Jack Chu , Fangyun Wei

The objective in this paper is to improve the performance of text-to-image retrieval. To this end, we introduce a new framework that can boost the performance of large-scale pre-trained vision-language models, so that they can be used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Guanqi Zhan , Yuanpei Liu , Kai Han , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks is often necessary to optimize their performance. However, a major obstacle is the limited availability of labeled data. We study the use of pseudolabels, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Cristina Menghini , Andrew Delworth , Stephen H. Bach

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

Remote sensing image-text retrieval plays a crucial role in remote sensing interpretation, yet remains challenging under both closed-domain and open-domain scenarios due to semantic noise and domain shifts. To address these issues, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Jiancheng Pan , Muyuan Ma , Qing Ma , Cong Bai , Shengyong Chen

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) models excel at understanding image-text relationships but struggle with adapting to new data without forgetting prior knowledge. To address this, models are typically fine-tuned using both new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ryan King , Gang Li , Bobak Mortazavi , Tianbao Yang

Recent image tone adjustment (or enhancement) approaches have predominantly adopted supervised learning for learning human-centric perceptual assessment. However, these approaches are constrained by intrinsic challenges of supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Hyeongmin Lee , Kyoungkook Kang , Jungseul Ok , Sunghyun Cho

In text-to-image (T2I) generation applications, negative embeddings have proven to be a simple yet effective approach for enhancing generation quality. Typically, these negative embeddings are derived from user-defined negative prompts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xiaomin Li , Yixuan Liu , Takashi Isobe , Xu Jia , Qinpeng Cui , Dong Zhou , Dong Li , You He , Huchuan Lu , Zhongdao Wang , Emad Barsoum

Recent works utilize CLIP to perform the challenging unsupervised semantic segmentation task where only images without annotations are available. However, we observe that when adopting CLIP to such a pixel-level understanding task,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jingyun Wang , Guoliang Kang

Contrastive language image pre-training (CLIP) is an essential component of building modern vision-language foundation models. While CLIP demonstrates remarkable zero-shot performance on downstream tasks, the multi-modal feature spaces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Dewei Feng , Sekitoshi Kanai , Kazuki Adachi , Daiki Chijiwa