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Evaluating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of drug molecules is a critical step in brain drug development. Traditional methods for the evaluation require complicated in vitro or in vivo testing. Alternatively, in silico…
Clinical diagnosis guidelines aim at specifying the steps that may lead to a diagnosis. Inspired by guidelines, we aim to learn the optimal sequence of actions to perform in order to obtain a correct diagnosis from electronic health…
To date, there are no effective treatments for most neurodegenerative diseases. Knowledge graphs can provide comprehensive and semantic representation for heterogeneous data, and have been successfully leveraged in many biomedical…
Drug-drug interactions (DDI) can cause severe adverse drug reactions and pose a major challenge to medication therapy. Recently, informatics-based approaches are emerging for DDI studies. In this paper, we aim to identify key…
Background: To curb the opioid epidemic, legislation regulating the amount of opioid prescriptions covered by Medicaid (Title XIX of the Social Security Act Medical Assistance Program) came into effect in May 2018 in South Carolina.…
Objective: Electronic health records (EHR) data are prone to missingness and errors. Previously, we devised an "enriched" chart review protocol where a "roadmap" of auxiliary diagnoses (anchors) was used to recover missing values in EHR…
Sequential pattern mining algorithms are widely used to explore care pathways database, but they generate a deluge of patterns, mostly redundant or useless. Clinicians need tools to express complex mining queries in order to generate less…
MRI-based medical imaging has become indispensable in modern clinical diagnosis, particularly for brain tumor detection. However, the rapid growth in data volume poses challenges for conventional diagnostic approaches. Although deep…
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an authoritative medical classification system of different diseases and conditions for clinical and management purposes. ICD indexing assigns a subset of ICD codes to a medical record.…
A scientific study begins with a central question, and search engines like PubMed are the first tools for retrieving knowledge and understanding the current state of the art. Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used in research,…
Clinical notes are an essential component of a health record. This paper evaluates how natural language processing (NLP) can be used to identify the risk of acute care use (ACU) in oncology patients, once chemotherapy starts. Risk…
Drug promiscuity and polypharmacology are much discussed topics in pharmaceutical research. Drug repositioning applies established drugs to new disease indications with increasing success. As polypharmacology, defined a drug's ability to…
Objective: Retrieval-based Clinical Decision Support (ReCDS) can aid clinical workflow by providing relevant literature and similar patients for a given patient. However, the development of ReCDS systems has been severely obstructed by the…
Parkinson's disease is a progressive and slowly developing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Despite extensive research by scientists, there is not yet a cure…
Flow cytometry (FC) is a single-cell profiling platform for measuring the phenotypes of individual cells from millions of cells in biological samples. FC employs high-throughput technologies and generates high-dimensional data, and hence…
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) involves complex compatibility mechanisms characterized by multi-component and multi-target interactions, which are challenging to quantify. To address this challenge, we applied graph artificial…
The Precision Medicine Initiative states that treatments for a patient should take into account not only the patient's disease, but his/her specific genetic variation as well. The vast biomedical literature holds the potential for…
Misclassification of medicine is perilous to the health of a patient, more so if the said patient is visually impaired or simply did not recognize the color, shape or type of medicine strip. This paper proposes a method for identification…
Scientific papers use schematic diagrams to communicate methods, workflows, and system structure, yet existing scientific-figure corpora often mix them with plots, screenshots, and photographs and rarely preserve document context. We…
Every year, millions of pounds of medicines remain unused in the U.S. and are subject to an in-home disposal, i.e., kept in medicine cabinets, flushed in toilet or thrown in regular trash. In-home disposal, however, can negatively impact…