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This paper explores the potential of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the evaluation of responses in medical Question and Answer (Q\&A) systems, a crucial form of Natural Language Processing. Traditionally, human evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jack Krolik , Herprit Mahal , Feroz Ahmad , Gaurav Trivedi , Bahador Saket

This paper introduces a comprehensive framework for the evaluation and validation of generative language models (GLMs), with a focus on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems deployed in high-stakes domains such as banking. GLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Agus Sudjianto , Aijun Zhang , Srinivas Neppalli , Tarun Joshi , Michal Malohlava

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for automatic summarization but the reasons behind their successes are poorly understood. By conducting a human evaluation on ten LLMs across different pretraining methods, prompts, and model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Tianyi Zhang , Faisal Ladhak , Esin Durmus , Percy Liang , Kathleen McKeown , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) on language modeling and emergent capabilities make them a promising reference-free evaluator of natural language generation quality, and a competent alternative to human evaluation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Yuxuan Liu , Tianchi Yang , Shaohan Huang , Zihan Zhang , Haizhen Huang , Furu Wei , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang

This paper introduces a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) for machine translation (MT). We start with one conjecture: an ideal translation should contain complete and accurate information for a strong enough LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jianqiao Wangni

Jung et al. (2025) introduce a hypothesis testing framework for guaranteeing agreement between large language models (LLMs) and human judgments, relying on the assumption that the model's estimated confidence is monotonic with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Gaojie Jin , Yong Tao , Lijia Yu , Tianjin Huang

Effective evaluation of language models remains an open challenge in NLP. Researchers and engineers face methodological issues such as the sensitivity of models to evaluation setup, difficulty of proper comparisons across methods, and the…

Reproducibility is a key requirement for scientific progress. It allows the reproduction of the works of others, and, as a consequence, to fully trust the reported claims and results. In this work, we argue that, by facilitating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Alejandro Bellogín , Alan Said

Automatic methods and metrics that assess various quality criteria of automatically generated texts are important for developing NLG systems because they produce repeatable results and allow for a fast development cycle. We present here an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

As scientific knowledge grows at an unprecedented pace, evaluation benchmarks must evolve to reflect new discoveries and ensure language models are tested on current, diverse literature. We propose a scalable, modular framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ozan Gokdemir , Neil Getty , Robert Underwood , Sandeep Madireddy , Franck Cappello , Arvind Ramanathan , Ian T. Foster , Rick L. Stevens

Data quality is a critical driver of large language model performance, yet existing model-based selection methods focus almost exclusively on English. We introduce MuRating, a scalable framework that transfers high-quality English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zhixun Chen , Ping Guo , Wenhan Han , Yifan Zhang , Binbin Liu , Haobin Lin , Fengze Liu , Yan Zhao , Bingni Zhang , Taifeng Wang , Yin Zheng , Trevor Cohn , Meng Fang

Text summarization has a wide range of applications in many scenarios. The evaluation of the quality of the generated text is a complex problem. A big challenge to language evaluation is that there is a clear divergence between existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Ning Wu , Ming Gong , Linjun Shou , Shining Liang , Daxin Jiang

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into business process management tools promises to democratize Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) modeling for non-experts. While automated frameworks assess syntactic and semantic quality,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chantale Lauer , Peter Pfeiffer , Nijat Mehdiyev

This study presents a framework for automated evaluation of dynamically evolving topic taxonomies in scientific literature using Large Language Models (LLMs). In digital library systems, topic modeling plays a crucial role in efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhiyin Tan , Jennifer D'Souza

While dialogue remains an important end-goal of natural language research, the difficulty of evaluation is an oft-quoted reason why it remains troublesome to make real progress towards its solution. Evaluation difficulties are actually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Margaret Li , Jason Weston , Stephen Roller

Mathematical optimization is a powerful tool for structured decision-making across domains such as resource allocation and planning. Formulating optimization models faithful to reality, though, remains a significant bottleneck as it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Eleni Straitouri , Cheol Woo Kim , Milind Tambe

Reasoning has emerged as the next major frontier for language models (LMs), with rapid advances from both academic and industrial labs. However, this progress often outpaces methodological rigor, with many evaluations relying on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Andreas Hochlehnert , Hardik Bhatnagar , Vishaal Udandarao , Samuel Albanie , Ameya Prabhu , Matthias Bethge

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as automated judges to evaluate recommendation systems, search engines, and other subjective tasks, where relying on human evaluators can be costly, time-consuming, and unscalable. LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Gerrit J. J. van den Burg , Gen Suzuki , Wei Liu , Murat Sensoy

Human evaluation of machine translation normally uses sentence-level measures such as relative ranking or adequacy scales. However, these provide no insight into possible errors, and do not scale well with sentence length. We argue for a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-28 Alexandra Birch , Omri Abend , Ondrej Bojar , Barry Haddow