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Large language models (LLMs) have become mainstream technology with their versatile use cases and impressive performance. Despite the countless out-of-the-box applications, LLMs are still not reliable. A lot of work is being done to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Aisha Khatun , Daniel G. Brown

Large language models (LLMs) rarely admit uncertainty, often producing fluent but misleading answers, rather than abstaining (i.e., refusing to answer). This weakness is even evident in temporal question answering, where models frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Xinyu Zhou , Chang Jin , Carsten Eickhoff , Zhijiang Guo , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in various data mining tasks, such as knowledge question answering, mathematical reasoning, and commonsense reasoning. However, the reasoning capability of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 He Chang , Chenchen Ye , Zhulin Tao , Jie Wu , Zhengmao Yang , Yunshan Ma , Xianglin Huang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLM) have recently been shown to perform well at various tasks from language understanding, reasoning, storytelling, and information search to theory of mind. In an extension of this work, we explore the ability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nutchanon Yongsatianchot , Tobias Thejll-Madsen , Stacy Marsella

In this paper, we explore the challenges inherent to Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, particularly their propensity for hallucinations, logic mistakes, and incorrect conclusions when tasked with answering complex questions. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Xiang Li , Haoran Tang , Siyu Chen , Ziwei Wang , Anurag Maravi , Marcin Abram

Large language models (LLMs) have recently gained significant attention due to their unparalleled ability to perform various natural language processing tasks. These models, benefiting from their advanced natural language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jonas Wallat , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

There is an increasing interest in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for managing structured data and enhancing data science processes. Despite the potential benefits, this integration poses significant questions regarding their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Nathalia Nascimento , Cristina Tavares , Paulo Alencar , Donald Cowan

In the realm of Large Language Models (LLMs), prompt optimization is crucial for model performance. Although previous research has explored aspects like rephrasing prompt contexts, using various prompting techniques (like in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jia He , Mukund Rungta , David Koleczek , Arshdeep Sekhon , Franklin X Wang , Sadid Hasan

With the Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3.5 (GPT-3.5) exhibiting remarkable reasoning and comprehension abilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP), most Question Answering (QA) research has primarily centered around general QA tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Bowen Zhao , Changkai Ji , Yuejie Zhang , Wen He , Yingwen Wang , Qing Wang , Rui Feng , Xiaobo Zhang

Time series data measure how environments change over time and drive decision-making in critical domains like finance and healthcare. A common goal in analyzing time series data is to understand the underlying events that cause the observed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mingtian Tan , Mike A. Merrill , Zack Gottesman , Tim Althoff , David Evans , Tom Hartvigsen

This study investigates the behaviors of Large Language Models (LLMs) when faced with conflicting prompts versus their internal memory. This will not only help to understand LLMs' decision mechanism but also benefit real-world applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Jiahao Ying , Yixin Cao , Kai Xiong , Yidong He , Long Cui , Yongbin Liu

With the increasing impacts of climate change, there is a growing demand for accessible tools that can provide reliable future climate information to support planning, finance, and other decision-making applications. Large language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yang Wang , Hassan A. Karimi

Representational bias in large language models (LLMs) has predominantly been measured through single-response interactions and has focused on Global North-centric identities like race and gender. We expand on that research by conducting a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Agrima Seth , Monojit Choudhary , Sunayana Sitaram , Kentaro Toyama , Aditya Vashistha , Kalika Bali

The growing complexity and diversity of news coverage have made framing analysis a crucial yet challenging task in computational social science. Traditional approaches, including manual annotation and fine-tuned models, remain limited by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Valeria Pastorino , Jasivan A. Sivakumar , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multi-turn dialogue and other sustained interactive scenarios, it is essential to understand how extended context affects their performance. Popular benchmarks, focusing primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Robert Hankache , Kingsley Nketia Acheampong , Liang Song , Marek Brynda , Raad Khraishi , Greig A. Cowan

Recent studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) exhibit significant biases in evaluation tasks, particularly in preferentially rating and favoring self-generated content. However, the extent to which this bias manifests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Jing Jin , Peng-Ting Kuo , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Large language models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities across a variety of tasks. Despite the models only seeing text in training, several recent studies suggest that LLM representations implicitly capture aspects of the underlying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yutaro Yamada , Yihan Bao , Andrew K. Lampinen , Jungo Kasai , Ilker Yildirim

In support of open and reproducible research, there has been a rapidly increasing number of datasets made available for research. As the availability of datasets increases, it becomes more important to have quality metadata for discovering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Shiwei Zhang , Mingfang Wu , Xiuzhen Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to gain popularity due to their human-like traits and the intimacy they offer to users, their societal impact inevitably expands. This leads to the rising necessity for comprehensive studies to fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Bojana Bodroza , Bojana M. Dinic , Ljubisa Bojic

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad