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Recent advances in deep learning have shown significant potential for solving combinatorial optimization problems in real-time. Unlike traditional methods, deep learning can generate high-quality solutions efficiently, which is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Imanol Echeverria , Maialen Murua , Roberto Santana

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a frequently employed technique to solve scheduling problems. Although DRL agents ace at delivering viable results in short computing times, their reasoning remains opaque. We conduct a case study where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Daniel Fischer , Hannah M. Hüsener , Felix Grumbach , Lukas Vollenkemper , Arthur Müller , Pascal Reusch

Most classical scheduling formulations assume a fixed and known duration for each activity. In this paper, we weaken this assumption, requiring instead that each duration can be represented by an independent random variable with a known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-13 J. C. Beck , N. Wilson

Efficient job allocation in complex scheduling problems poses significant challenges in real-world applications. In this report, we propose a novel approach that leverages the power of Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Graph Neural Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Lars C. P. M. Quaedvlieg

Neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) has gained significant attention due to the potential of deep learning to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. NCO has been widely applied to job shop scheduling problems (JSPs) with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Igor G. Smit , Yaoxin Wu , Pavel Troubil , Yingqian Zhang , Wim P. M. Nuijten

We consider the class of single machine scheduling problems with the objective to minimize the weighted number of late jobs, under the assumption that completion due-dates are not known precisely at the time when decision-maker must provide…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-11 Maciej Drwal

The Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) is a combinatorial problem that continues to be studied extensively due to its practical implications in manufacturing systems and emerging new variants, in order to model and optimize more…

The NP-hard Dynamic Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling (DFJSP) problem involves real-time events and complex routing. While traditional rules are efficient but rigid, deep learning is opaque and requires feature engineering. Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shijie Cao , Yuan Yuan

Warehouses are nowadays the scene of complex logistic problems integrating different decision layers. This paper addresses the Joint Order Batching, Picker Routing and Sequencing Problem with Deadlines (JOBPRSP-D) in rectangular warehouses.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Olivier Briant , Hadrien Cambazard , Diego Cattaruzza , Nicolas Catusse , Anne-Laure Ladier , Maxime Ogier

Dynamic Programming (DP) and Constraint Programming (CP) are well-established paradigms for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Usually, these two approaches are used separately. This paper aims to show that the two can be combined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Emma Legrand , Roger Kameugne , Pierre Schaus

This paper presents a new algorithm based on integrating Genetic Algorithms and Tabu Search methods to solve the Job Shop Scheduling problem. The idea of the proposed algorithm is derived from Genetic Algorithms. Most of the scheduling…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-06-30 R. Thamilselvan , Dr. P. Balasubramanie

The Job-Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) stands as one of the most renowned challenges in scheduling. It is characterized as a disjunctive problem, wherein a solution is fully depicted through an oriented disjunctive graph, with earliest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Eric Bourreau , Gerard Fleury , Phlippe Lacomme

In practice, it is quite common to face combinatorial optimization problems which contain uncertainty along with non-determinism and dynamicity. These three properties call for appropriate algorithms; reinforcement learning (RL) is dealing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Nathan Grinsztajn , Olivier Beaumont , Emmanuel Jeannot , Philippe Preux

The rise of Industry 5.0 has introduced new demands for manufacturing companies, requiring a shift in how production schedules are managed to address human centered, environmental, and economic goals comprehensively. The flexible job shop…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hessam Bakhshi-Khaniki , Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam , Zdenek Hanzalek , Behdin Vahedi-Nouri

We propose ScheduleNet, a RL-based real-time scheduler, that can solve various types of multi-agent scheduling problems. We formulate these problems as a semi-MDP with episodic reward (makespan) and learn ScheduleNet, a decentralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Junyoung Park , Sanjar Bakhtiyar , Jinkyoo Park

In this work, we study how to efficiently apply reinforcement learning (RL) for solving large-scale stochastic optimization problems by leveraging intervention models. The key of the proposed methodology is to better explore the solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Defeng Liu , Ying Liu , Carson Eisenach

This paper gives a detailed review of reinforcement learning (RL) in combinatorial optimization, introduces the history of combinatorial optimization starting in the 1950s, and compares it with the RL algorithms of recent years. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Yunhao Yang , Andrew Whinston

We define a new problem called the Vehicle Scheduling Problem (VSP). The goal is to minimize an objective function, such as the number of tardy vehicles over a transportation network subject to maintaining safety distances, meeting hard…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Mirmojtaba Gharibi , Steven L. Waslander , Raouf Boutaba

This paper proposes a policy-based deep reinforcement learning hyper-heuristic framework for solving the Job Shop Scheduling Problem. The hyper-heuristic agent learns to switch scheduling rules based on the system state dynamically. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Sofiene Lassoued , Asrat Gobachew , Stefan Lier , Andreas Schwung

The Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling (IPPS) problem combines process route planning and shop scheduling to achieve high efficiency in manufacturing and maximize resource utilization, which is crucial for modern manufacturing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Hongpei Li , Han Zhang , Ziyan He , Yunkai Jia , Bo Jiang , Xiang Huang , Dongdong Ge