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Although large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly, robust automation of complex software workflows remains an open problem. In long-horizon settings, agents frequently suffer from cascading errors and environmental stochasticity;…
Ecological systems are governed by complex interactions which are mainly nonlinear. In order to capture this complexity and nonlinearity, statistical models recently gained popularity. However, although these models are commonly applied in…
Human mobility prediction is essential for applications like urban planning and transportation management, yet it remains challenging due to the complex, often implicit, intentions behind human behavior. Existing models predominantly focus…
Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) capable of performing a wide range of visual understanding tasks. While LLMs have demonstrated impressive performance on…
The exponential growth of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has revolutionized artificial intelligence, offering unprecedented capabilities in natural language processing. However, the extensive computational resources required for…
Large language models store not only isolated facts but also rules that support reasoning across symbolic expressions, natural language explanations, and concrete instances. Yet most model editing methods are built for fact-level knowledge,…
Predictive simulations of complex systems are essential for applications ranging from weather forecasting to drug design. The veracity of these predictions hinges on their capacity to capture the effective system dynamics. Massively…
World models, which encapsulate the dynamics of how actions affect environments, are foundational to the functioning of intelligent agents. In this work, we explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to operate as world models.…
Creating systems capable of generating virtually infinite variations of complex and novel behaviour without predetermined goals or limits is a major challenge in the field of AI. This challenge has been addressed through the development of…
Objects rarely sit in isolation in everyday human environments. If we want robots to operate and perform tasks in our human environments, they must understand how the objects they manipulate will interact with structural elements of the…
Bi-temporal satellite imagery supports critical applications such as urbanization monitoring and disaster assessment. Although powerful multimodal large language models~(MLLMs) have been applied in bi-temporal change analysis, previous…
Large-scale natural language understanding (NLU) systems have made impressive progress: they can be applied flexibly across a variety of tasks, and employ minimal structural assumptions. However, extensive empirical research has shown this…
Scaling distributed training of Large Language Models (LLMs) requires not only algorithmic advances but also efficient utilization of heterogeneous hardware resources. While existing methods such as DiLoCo have demonstrated promising…
Generative AI holds significant potential for ecological and environmental applications such as monitoring, data analysis, education, and policy support. However, its effectiveness is limited by the lack of a unified evaluation framework.…
This paper investigates Large Language Models (LLMs) ability to assess the economic soundness and theoretical consistency of empirical findings in spatial econometrics. We created original and deliberately altered "counterfactual" summaries…
The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is a spaceborne lidar instrument that collects near-global measurements of forest structure. While expansive in scope, GEDI samples are spatially sparse and cover a small fraction of the…
Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…
Leveraging Large Language Models' remarkable proficiency in text-based tasks, recent works on Multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) extend them to other modalities like vision and audio. However, the progress in these directions has been mostly focused…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen significant use in domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. Going beyond text, image and graphics, LLMs present a significant potential for analysis of time series data,…
Large language models have made significant strides in natural language processing, enabling innovative applications in molecular science by processing textual representations of molecules. However, most existing language models cannot…