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Adversarial patches are optimized contiguous pixel blocks in an input image that cause a machine-learning model to misclassify it. However, their optimization is computationally demanding, and requires careful hyperparameter tuning,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Maura Pintor , Daniele Angioni , Angelo Sotgiu , Luca Demetrio , Ambra Demontis , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

Autonomous vehicles are typical complex intelligent systems with artificial intelligence at their core. However, perception methods based on deep learning are extremely vulnerable to adversarial samples, resulting in security accidents. How…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yuanhao Huang , Yilong Ren , Jinlei Wang , Lujia Huo , Xuesong Bai , Jinchuan Zhang , Haiyan Yu

Adversarial attacks play a pivotal role in testing and improving the reliability of deep learning (DL) systems. Existing literature has demonstrated that subtle perturbations to the input can elicit erroneous outcomes, thereby substantially…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jingyu Zhang , Jacky Wai Keung , Yan Xiao , Yihan Liao , Yishu Li , Xiaoxue Ma

Adversarial patch attacks pose a severe threat to deep neural networks, yet most existing approaches rely on unrealistic white-box assumptions, untargeted objectives, or produce visually conspicuous patches that limit real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Roie Kazoom , Alon Goldberg , Hodaya Cohen , Ofer Hadar

Machine Learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and will highly likely produce incorrect outputs under these attacks. There are white-box and black-box attacks regarding to adversary's access level to the victim learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Saeid Samizade , Zheng-Hua Tan , Chao Shen , Xiaohong Guan

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) plays a crucial role in vision-based Autonomous Driving (AD) systems. It utilizes a single-camera image to determine the depth of objects, facilitating driving decisions such as braking a few meters in front…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ce Zhou , Qiben Yan , Daniel Kent , Guangjing Wang , Ziqi Zhang , Hayder Radha

Adversarial attacks on face recognition (FR) systems pose a significant security threat, yet most are confined to the digital domain or require white-box access. We introduce GaP (Gaussian Patch), a novel method to generate a universal,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Andrey Kaznacheev , Matvey Mikhalchuk , Andrey Kuznetsov , Aleksandr Petiushko , Anton Razzhigaev

Objective no-reference image- and video-quality metrics are crucial in many computer vision tasks. However, state-of-the-art no-reference metrics have become learning-based and are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. The vulnerability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Victoria Leonenkova , Ekaterina Shumitskaya , Anastasia Antsiferova , Dmitriy Vatolin

Adversarial example generation becomes a viable method for evaluating the robustness of a machine learning model. In this paper, we consider hard-label black-box attacks (a.k.a. decision-based attacks), which is a challenging setting that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Zhenxin Xiao , Puyudi Yang , Yuchen Jiang , Kai-Wei Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Stereo depth estimation is a critical task in autonomous driving and robotics, where inaccuracies (such as misidentifying nearby objects as distant) can lead to dangerous situations. Adversarial attacks against stereo depth estimation can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yun Xing , Yue Cao , Nhat Chung , Jie Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Yang Liu , Lei Ma , Qing Guo

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently led to significant improvements in many fields. However, DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples which are samples with imperceptible perturbations while dramatically misleading the DNNs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-11 Jiayang Liu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Adversarial attacks pose a significant threat to the robustness and reliability of machine learning systems, particularly in computer vision applications. This study investigates the performance of adversarial patches for the YOLO object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Jakob Shack , Katarina Petrovic , Olga Saukh

In recent years, binary analysis gained traction as a fundamental approach to inspect software and guarantee its security. Due to the exponential increase of devices running software, much research is now moving towards new autonomous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Gianluca Capozzi , Daniele Cono D'Elia , Giuseppe Antonio Di Luna , Leonardo Querzoni

Face recognition has obtained remarkable progress in recent years due to the great improvement of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, deep CNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can cause fateful consequences in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Baoyuan Wu , Zhifeng Li , Wei Liu , Tong Zhang , Jun Zhu

Adversarial examples, inputs designed to induce worst-case behavior in machine learning models, have been extensively studied over the past decade. Yet, our understanding of this phenomenon stems from a rather fragmented pool of knowledge;…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Ryan Sheatsley , Blaine Hoak , Eric Pauley , Patrick McDaniel

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures have gained popularity for reducing computational costs in deep neural networks by activating only a subset of parameters during inference. While this efficiency makes MoE attractive for vision tasks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Cedric Chan , Jona te Lintelo , Stjepan Picek

Localized adversarial patches aim to induce misclassification in machine learning models by arbitrarily modifying pixels within a restricted region of an image. Such attacks can be realized in the physical world by attaching the adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Chong Xiang , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Vikash Sehwag , Prateek Mittal

Over the last decade, researchers have extensively explored the vulnerabilities of Android malware detectors to adversarial examples through the development of evasion attacks; however, the practicality of these attacks in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Hamid Bostani , Veelasha Moonsamy

Constructing adversarial examples in a black-box threat model injures the original images by introducing visual distortion. In this paper, we propose a novel black-box attack approach that can directly minimize the induced distortion by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Nannan Li , Zhenzhong Chen

We study adversarial examples in a black-box setting where the adversary only has API access to the target model and each query is expensive. Prior work on black-box adversarial examples follows one of two main strategies: (1) transfer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Fnu Suya , Jianfeng Chi , David Evans , Yuan Tian