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The study of black hole thermodynamics becomes a central topic in gravitational physics, where the first law and the Smarr relation establish a deep connection between spacetime geometry and thermodynamic laws. As we know, these relations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-04 Usman Zafar , Krishnakanta Bhattacharya , Kazuharu Bamba

We emphasize the importance of the Voros product in defining noncommutative inspired black holes. The computation of entropy for both the noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes show that the area law…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-03-26 Sunandan Gangopadhyay

The generalized second law is proven for semiclassical quantum fields falling across a causal horizon, minimally coupled to general relativity. The proof is much more general than previous proofs in that it permits the quantum fields to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-18 Aron C. Wall

We study algebraic locality principles on a 2+1D closed lattice in the presence of a Gauss law for a non-invertible symmetry. Prior work in arXiv:2509.03589 showed that when enforcing the Gauss law of an invertible symmetry, the principle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-22 Nicholas Holfester , Jonathan Sorce

Recently, it has been shown that for out-of-equilibrium systems, there are additional constraints on thermodynamical evolution besides the ordinary second law. These form a new family of second laws of thermodynamics, which are equivalent…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-10 Alice Bernamonti , Federico Galli , Robert C. Myers , Jonathan Oppenheim

If simple entropy in the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for a Schwarzschild black hole is replaced with 'negative' quantum conditional entropy, which quantifies quantum entanglement, of positive-energy particles of the black hole relative to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-04 Koji Azuma , Go Kato

We consider the universal sector of a $d$-dimensional large-$N$ strongly-interacting holographic CFT on a black hole spacetime background $B$. When our CFT$_d$ is coupled to dynamical Einstein-Hilbert gravity with Newton constant $G_{d}$,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-15 William Bunting , Zicao Fu , Donald Marolf

In this paper we investigate statistical entropy of a 3-dimensional rotating acoustic black hole based on generalized uncertainty principle. In our results we obtain an area entropy and a correction term associated with the noncommutative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 M. A. Anacleto , F. A. Brito , E. Passos , W. P. Santos

It is shown that all generalized two--dimensional dilaton theories with arbitrary matter content (with a curvature independent coupling to gravity) do not only obey a first law of black hole mechanics (which follows from Wald's general…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Norbert Duechting , Thomas Strobl

We construct an entropy current and establish a local version of the classical second law of thermodynamics for dynamical black holes in Chern-Simons (CS) theories of gravity. We work in a chosen set of Gaussian null coordinates and assume…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-23 Ishan Deo , Prateksh Dhivakar , Nilay Kundu

Expanding the work of arXiv:1504.08040, we show that black holes obey a second law for linear perturbations to bifurcate Killing horizons, in any covariant higher curvature gravity coupled to scalar and vector fields. The vector fields do…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-28 Aron C. Wall , Zihan Yan

We discuss the generalized second law of thermodynamics in three different systems by taking quantum corrections (logarithmic and power law) to cosmological horizon entropy as well as black hole entropy. Firstly, we consider phantom energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 M. Sharif , Abdul Jawad

The thermodynamic second law in the evaporating black hole space-time is examined in the context of two-dimensional dilaton black hole. The dynamical evolution of entropy is investigated by using the analytical perturbation method and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Kouichirou Hirata , Yoshi Fujiwara , Jiro Soda

We generalize Tadmor's algebraic numerical flux condition for entropy-conservative discretizations of conservation laws to a broader class of secondary structures, i.e. possibly non-convex secondary quantities whose evolution can consist of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Robin Klein , Benjamin Sanderse , Pedro Costa , Rene Pecnik , Ruud Henkes

We show the importance of the Voros product in defining a noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole. The corrected entropy/area-law is then computed in the tunneling formalism. Two types of corrections are considered; one, due to the effects…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-03-26 Rabin Banerjee , Sunandan Gangopadhyay , Sujoy Kumar Modak

It is established that black holes have entropy and behave as thermodynamical systems. Associating entropy to gravitational fields has not remained limited to black holes, necessitating the notion of the second law of thermodynamics in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-26 V. R. Shajiee , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

In black hole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the black hole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of black hole dynamics extends to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Subenoy Chakraborty , Nairwita Mazumder , Ritabrata Biswas

We use heterotic/type-II prepotentials to study quantum/classical black holes with half the $N=2, D=4$ supersymmetries unbroken. We show that, in the case of heterotic string compactifications, the perturbatively corrected entropy formula…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Behrndt , G. Lopes Cardoso , B. de Wit , R. Kallosh , D. Lüst , T. Mohaupt

In four-dimensional N=2 compactifications of string theory or M-theory, modifications of the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for black hole entropy in the presence of higher-derivative interactions are crucial for finding agreement between the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Gabriel Lopes Cardoso , Bernard de Wit , Thomas Mohaupt

In classical Hamiltonian theories, entropy may be understood either as a statistical property of canonical systems, or as a mechanical property, that is, as a monotonic function of the phase space along trajectories. In classical mechanics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-14 Marius Oltean , Luca Bonetti , Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci , Carlos F. Sopuerta