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We introduce a hierarchical classification of theories that describe systems with fundamentally limited information content. This property is introduced in an operational way and gives rise to the existence of mutually complementary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-27 Tomasz Paterek , Borivoje Dakic , Caslav Brukner

The scope of the paper has been broadened to include a more complete discussion of the following topics: The derivation of composition laws in quantum cosmology. The connection between the existence of a composition law in the sum over…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Jonathan Halliwell , Miguel Ortiz

This document presents a combinatorial framework for analyzing assembly systems using generating functions. We explore the theory through concrete examples, such as linear polymers, and develop recursive equations to characterize valid…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Andrés Ortiz-Muñoz

In this paper we study possibilities of efficient reasoning in combinations of theories over possibly non-disjoint signatures. We first present a class of theory extensions (called local extensions) in which hierarchical reasoning is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-10-16 Viorica Sofronie-Stokkermans

This book is an introductory course to basic commutative algebra with a particular emphasis on finitely generated projective modules. We adopt the constructive point of view, with which all existence theorems have an explicit algorithmic…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Henri Lombardi , Claude Quitté

Conformal algebra is an axiomatic description of the operator product expansion (or rather its Fourier transform) of chiral fields in a conformal field theory. This is a review of recent developments in the subject.

q-alg · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Victor G. Kac

The persisting gap between the formal and the informal mathematics is due to an inadequate notion of mathematical theory behind the current formalization techniques. I mean the (informal) notion of axiomatic theory according to which a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2011-09-21 Andrei Rodin

The resource theory of quantum superposition is an extension of the quantum coherent theory, in which linear independence relaxes the requirement of orthogonality. It can be used to quantify the nonclassical in superposition of finite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Jialin Teng , Fengli Yan , Ting Gao

We present in this paper a general algorithm for solving first-order formulas in particular theories called "decomposable theories". First of all, using special quantifiers, we give a formal characterization of decomposable theories and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Khalil Djelloul

In this paper we define a family of theories, quasi-theories, motivated by quasi-elliptic cohomology. They can be defined from constant loop spaces. With them, the constructions on certain theories can be made in a neat way, such as those…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-09-19 Zhen Huan

Induction is the process by which we obtain predictive laws or theories or models of the world. We consider the structural aspect of induction. We answer the question as to whether we can find a finite and minmalistic set of operations on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-05 Adrian Silvescu , Vasant Honavar

Quantum theory provides a significant example of two intermingling hallmarks of science: the ability to consistently combine physical systems and study them compositely, and the power to extract predictions in the form of correlations. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Marco Erba , Paolo Perinotti

Fusions are a simple way of combining logics. For normal modal logics, fusions have been investigated in detail. In particular, it is known that, under certain conditions, decidability transfers from the component logics to their fusion.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-10 F. Baader , C. Lutz , H. Sturm , F. Wolter

This is a survey of recent developments in combinatorics. The goal is to give a big picture of its many interactions with other areas of mathematics, such as: group theory, representation theory, commutative algebra, geometry (including…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Cristian Lenart

Compositional data analysis is concerned with multivariate data that have a constant sum, usually 1 or 100\%. These are data often found in biochemistry and geochemistry, but also in the social sciences, when relative values are of interest…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-26 Michael Greenacre

All current formulations of thermodynamics invoke some form of coarse-graining or ensembles as the supposed link between their own laws and the microscopic laws of motion. They deal only with ensemble-averages, expectation values,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-05-30 Chiara Marletto

A probabilistic propositional logic, endowed with an epistemic component for asserting (non-)compatibility of diagonizable and bounded observables, is presented and illustrated for reasoning about the random results of projective…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-03-20 A. Sernadas , J. Rasga , C. Sernadas , L. Alcácer , A. B. Henriques

In this paper, on the sublinear expectation space, we establish a comparison theorem between independent and convolutionary random vectors, which states that the partial sums of those two sequences of random vectors are identically…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-05 Ning Zhang , Yuting Lan

Distributional semantics provides multi-dimensional, graded, empirically induced word representations that successfully capture many aspects of meaning in natural languages, as shown in a large body of work in computational linguistics;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Gemma Boleda

Harmonic theory provides a mathematical framework to describe the structure, behavior, evolution and emergence of harmonic systems. A harmonic system is context aware, contains elements that manifest characteristics either collaboratively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-27 Nick Mehrdad Loghmani