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Batch normalization (BN) is central to modern deep networks, but its effect on the realized function during training remains less understood than its optimization benefits. We study training-time BN in continuous piecewise-affine (CPA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xuan Qi , Yi Wei , Fanqi Yu , Furao Shen , Vittorio Murino , Cigdem Beyan

Lack of annotated samples greatly restrains the direct application of deep learning in remote sensing image scene classification. Although researches have been done to tackle this issue by data augmentation with various image transformation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Dongao Ma , Ping Tang , Lijun Zhao

Batch Normalization is an important approach to advancing deep learning since it allows multiple networks to train simultaneously. A problem arises when normalizing along the batch dimension because B.N.'s error increases significantly as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Gousia Habib , Ishfaq Ahmed Malik , Jameel Ahmad , Imtiaz Ahmed , Shaima Qureshi

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have shown great success in applications such as image generation and inpainting. However, they typically require large datasets, which are often not available, especially in the context of prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Daniel Stoller , Sebastian Ewert , Simon Dixon

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) can achieve promising performance on learning complex data distributions on different types of data. In this paper, we first show a straightforward extension of existing GAN algorithm is not applicable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Chun-Liang Li , Manzil Zaheer , Yang Zhang , Barnabas Poczos , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

This paper introduces a novel approach to image denoising that leverages the advantages of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Specifically, we propose a model that combines elements of the Pix2Pix model and the Wasserstein GAN (WGAN)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Luca Tirel , Ali Mohamed Ali , Hashim A. Hashim

We propose an alternative to the standard GAN training approach, in which the discriminator is a binary classifier trained by cross-entropy to distinguish real samples from generated ones. Instead, we directly target the discrimination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mohammadreza Tavasoli Naeini , Ali Bereyhi , Morteza Noshad , Ben Liang , Alfred O. Hero

Modern deep learning architecture utilize batch normalization (BN) to stabilize training and improve accuracy. It has been shown that the BN layers alone are surprisingly expressive. In the context of robustness against adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Nils Philipp Walter , David Stutz , Bernt Schiele

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

The exponential growth of visual data in digital communications has intensified the need for efficient compression techniques that balance rate-distortion performance with computational feasibility. While recent neural compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Karthik Sivakoti

Deep networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adversarial Training (AT) has been a standard foundation of modern adversarial defense approaches due to its remarkable effectiveness. However, AT is extremely time-consuming, refraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Shao-Yuan Lo , Vishal M. Patel

Training generative adversarial networks (GAN) using too little data typically leads to discriminator overfitting, causing training to diverge. We propose an adaptive discriminator augmentation mechanism that significantly stabilizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Janne Hellsten , Samuli Laine , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila

Adversarial training is one of the main defenses against adversarial attacks. In this paper, we provide the first rigorous study on diagnosing elements of adversarial training, which reveals two intriguing properties. First, we study the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Cihang Xie , Alan Yuille

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have become a very popular tool for implicitly learning high-dimensional probability distributions. Several improvements have been made to the original GAN formulation to address some of its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Parimala Kancharla , Sumohana S. Channappayya

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one of the most powerful generative models, but always require a large and balanced dataset to train. Traditional GANs are not applicable to generate minority-class images in a highly imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Gaofeng Huang , Amir H. Jafari

We conduct mathematical analysis on the effect of batch normalization (BN) on gradient backpropogation in residual network training, which is believed to play a critical role in addressing the gradient vanishing/explosion problem, in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Abhishek Panigrahi , Yueru Chen , C. -C. Jay Kuo

The main contribution of this paper is a simple semi-supervised pipeline that only uses the original training set without collecting extra data. It is challenging in 1) how to obtain more training data only from the training set and 2) how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Zhedong Zheng , Liang Zheng , Yi Yang

Batch Normalization (BN) is a commonly used technique to accelerate and stabilize training of deep neural networks. Despite its empirical success, a full theoretical understanding of BN is yet to be developed. In this work, we analyze BN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Tolga Ergen , Arda Sahiner , Batu Ozturkler , John Pauly , Morteza Mardani , Mert Pilanci

In recent years, multi-scale generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been proposed to build generalized image processing models based on single sample. Constraining on the sample size, multi-scale GANs have much difficulty converging to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Jing Tang , Bo Tao , Zeyu Gong , Zhouping Yin

Batch Normalization (BN) has been a standard component in designing deep neural networks (DNNs). Although the standard BN can significantly accelerate the training of DNNs and improve the generalization performance, it has several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yong Guo , Qingyao Wu , Chaorui Deng , Jian Chen , Mingkui Tan
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