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Visual Question Answering (VQA) models have achieved significant success in recent times. Despite the success of VQA models, they are mostly black-box models providing no reasoning about the predicted answer, thus raising questions for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Nihar Bendre , Kevin Desai , Peyman Najafirad

We analyze knowledge-based visual question answering, for which given a question, the models need to ground it into the visual modality and retrieve the relevant knowledge from a given large knowledge base (KB) to be able to answer. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Elham J. Barezi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs) to address knowledge-intensive queries requiring domain-specific or up-to-date information. To handle complex multi-hop questions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yuxin Wang , Shicheng Fang , Bo Wang , Qi Luo , Xuanjing Huang , Yining Zheng , Xipeng Qiu

Accurately answering complex questions has consistently been a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). To address this, this paper proposes a multi-hop question decomposition method for complex questions, building upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Zucheng Liang , Wenxin Wei , Kaijie Zhang , Hongyi Chen

Question Answering (QA) is the task of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural languages. There are different settings to answer a question, such as abstractive, extractive, boolean, and multiple-choice QA. As a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhichao Duan , Xiuxing Li , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhenyu Li , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) represent dynamic facts as timestamped relations between entities. TKG completion involves forecasting missing or future links, requiring models to reason over time-evolving structure. While LLMs show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ömer Faruk Akgül , Feiyu Zhu , Yuxin Yang , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

With the rise of large-scale language models (LLMs), it is currently popular and effective to convert multimodal information into text descriptions for multimodal multi-hop question answering. However, we argue that the current methods of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Qing Zhang , Haocheng Lv , Jie Liu , Zhiyun Chen , Jianyong Duan , Hao Wang , Li He , Mingying Xv

Question Answering (QA) systems provide easy access to the vast amount of knowledge without having to know the underlying complex structure of the knowledge. The research community has provided ad hoc solutions to the key QA tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Somayeh Asadifar , Mohsen Kahani , Saeedeh Shekarpour

Multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) is a key competence of performant transformer language models that is tested by mainstream benchmarks. However, recent evidence shows that models can have quite a range of performance, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sarah Wiegreffe , Oyvind Tafjord , Yonatan Belinkov , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Ashish Sabharwal

Audio question answering (AQA), acting as a widely used proxy task to explore scene understanding, has got more attention. The AQA is challenging for it requires comprehensive temporal reasoning from different scales' events of an audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Guangyao Li , Yixin Xu , Di Hu

Multi-hop knowledge graph (KG) reasoning is an effective and explainable method for predicting the target entity via reasoning paths in query answering (QA) task. Most previous methods assume that every relation in KGs has enough training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Xin Lv , Yuxian Gu , Xu Han , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Zhiyuan Liu

This paper introduces Omne-R1, a novel approach designed to enhance multi-hop question answering capabilities on schema-free knowledge graphs by integrating advanced reasoning models. Our method employs a multi-stage training workflow,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Boyuan Liu , Feng Ji , Jiayan Nan , Han Zhao , Weiling Chen , Shihao Xu , Xing Zhou

Answer selection and knowledge base question answering (KBQA) are two important tasks of question answering (QA) systems. Existing methods solve these two tasks separately, which requires large number of repetitive work and neglects the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Yang Deng , Yuexiang Xie , Yaliang Li , Min Yang , Nan Du , Wei Fan , Kai Lei , Ying Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in different tasks and are bringing transformative changes to many domains. However, keeping the knowledge in LLMs up-to-date remains a challenge once pretraining is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xiou Ge , Ali Mousavi , Edouard Grave , Armand Joulin , Kun Qian , Benjamin Han , Mostafa Arefiyan , Yunyao Li

Temporal Knowledge Graph Question Answering (TKGQA) aims to answer time-sensitive questions by leveraging factual information from Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs). While previous studies have employed pre-trained TKG embeddings or graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Xinying Qian , Ying Zhang , Yu Zhao , Baohang Zhou , Xuhui Sui , Xiaojie Yuan

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) inherently reflect the transient nature of real-world knowledge, as opposed to static knowledge graphs. Naturally, automatic TKG completion has drawn much research interests for a more realistic modeling of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Jaehun Jung , Jinhong Jung , U Kang

We study the problem of Query Performance Prediction (QPP) for open-domain multi-hop Question Answering (QA), where the task is to estimate the difficulty of evaluating a multi-hop question over a corpus. Despite the extensive research on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Mohammadreza Samadi , Davood Rafiei

Multi-hop reasoning for question answering (QA) plays a critical role in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for modern large language models (LLMs). The accurate answer can be obtained through retrieving relational structure of entities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Changhao Wang , Yanfang Liu , Xinxin Fan , Anzhi Zhou , Lao Tian , Yunfeng Lu

Complex knowledge base question answering can be achieved by converting questions into sequences of predefined actions. However, there is a significant semantic and structural gap between natural language and action sequences, which makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Yechun Tang , Xiaoxia Cheng , Weiming Lu

As long-context language modeling becomes increasingly important, the cost of maintaining and attending to large Key/Value (KV) caches grows rapidly, becoming a major bottleneck in both training and inference. While prior works such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu , Ben Lengerich , Ying Nian Wu
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