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We propose two algorithms to provide a full preliminary orbit of an Earth-orbiting object with a number of observations lower than the classical methods, such as those by Laplace and Gauss. The first one is the Virtual debris algorithm,…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 D. Farnocchia , G. Tommei , A. Milani , A. Rossi

In this work we present a new methodology for orbit propagation, the hybrid perturbation theory, based on the combination of an integration method and a prediction technique. The former, which can be a numerical, analytical or…

Space Physics · Physics 2016-05-31 Juan Félix San-Juan , Montserrat San-Martín , Iván Pérez , Rosario López

We introduce a new method to perform preliminary orbit determination for space debris on low Earth orbits (LEO). This method works with tracks of radar observations: each track is composed by $n\ge 4$ topocentric position vectors per pass…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-01-30 Giovanni F. Gronchi , Linda Dimare , Davide Bracali Cioci , Helene Ma

This work outlines and assesses several methods for the detection of manoeuvres in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) from surveillance radar data. To be able to detect manoeuvres, the main starting assumption is that the object under analysis has an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-08 Jose M. Montilla , Julio C. Sanchez , Rafael Vazquez , Jorge Galan-Vioque , Javier Rey Benayas , Jan Siminski

Initial orbit determination (IOD) is an important early step in the processing chain that makes sense of and reconciles the multiple optical observations of a resident space object. IOD methods generally operate on line-of-sight (LOS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Chee-Kheng Chng , Trent Jansen-Sturgeon , Timothy Payne , Tat-Jun Chin

This study presents autonomous guidance and control strategies for the purpose of reconfiguring close-range multi-satellite formations. The formation under consideration includes $N$ under-actuated deputy satellites and an uncontrolled…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Ahmed Mahfouz , Gabriella Gaias , Florio Dalla Vedova , Holger Voos

Conjunction analysis and maneuver planning for spacecraft collision avoidance remains a manual and time-consuming process, typically involving repeated forward simulations of hand-designed maneuvers. With the growing density of satellites…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fausto Vega , Jon Arrizabalaga , Ryan Watson , Zachary Manchester

This paper is related to our previous works [1][2] on the error estimate of the averaging technique, for systems with one fast angular variable. In the cited references, a general method (of mixed analytical and numerical type) has been…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-02-22 Carlo Morosi , Livio Pizzocchero

This paper investigates the joint optimization of trajectory planning and resource allocation for a high-altitude platform stations synthetic aperture radar (HAPs-SAR) system. To support real-time sensing and conserve the limited energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Bang Huang , Kihong Park , Xiaowei Pang , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

We present methodology and mission results from orbit determination of Planet Labs nanosatellites and differential-drag control of their relative motion. Orbit determination (OD) is required on Planet Labs satellites to accurately predict…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-09-11 Cyrus Foster , Henry Hallam , James Mason

We have extended the spectral dynamics formalism introduced by Binney & Spergel, and have implemented a semi-analytic method to represent regular orbits in any potential, making full use of their regularity. We use the spectral analysis…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Y. Copin , H. S. Zhao , P. T. de Zeeuw

The overall aim of the Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Preparatory Programme is to support the European independent utilisation of and access to space for research or services, through providing timely and quality data, information,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-01 V. Zuccarelli , D. Bancelin , S. Weikert , W. Thuillot , D. Hestroffer , C. Y. Valles , D. Koschny

Homotopy methods have been widely utilized to solve low-thrust orbital transfer problems, however, it is not guaranteed that the optimal solution can be obtained by the existing homotopy methods. In this paper, a new homotopy method is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-05 Binfeng Pan , Xun Pan , Siqi Zhang

Astronomic line mapping with single-pixel instruments is usually performed in an on-the-fly (OTF) or a raster-mapping mode depending on the capabilities of the telescope and the instrument. The observing efficiency can be increased by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 V. Ossenkopf

In this paper we address the problem of computing a preliminary orbit of a celestial body from one topocentric position vector and a very short arc (VSA) of optical observations. Using the conservation laws of the two-body dynamics, we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-12-25 Erica Scantamburlo , Giovanni F. Gronchi , Giulio Baù

Accurate, high-resolution, and real-time DOA estimation is a cornerstone of environmental perception in automotive radar systems. While sparse signal recovery techniques offer super-resolution and high-precision estimation, their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Longxin Bai , Jingchao Zhang , Liyan Qiao

Agile attitude maneuvering maximizes the utility of remote sensing satellite constellations. By taking into account a satellite's physical properties and its actuator specifications, we may leverage the full performance potential of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-17 Emmanuel Sin , Sreeja Nag , Vinay Ravindra , Alan Li , Murat Arcak

Radar odometry estimation has emerged as a critical technique in the field of autonomous navigation, providing robust and reliable motion estimation under various environmental conditions. Despite its potential, the complex nature of radar…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Matteo Frosi , Mirko Usuelli , Matteo Matteucci

Accurate tire modeling is crucial for optimizing autonomous racing vehicles, as state-of-the-art (SotA) model-based techniques rely on precise knowledge of the vehicle's parameters. Yet, system identification in dynamic racing conditions is…

By sending one or more telescopes into space, Space-VLBI (SVLBI) is able to achieve even higher angular resolution and is therefore the trend of the VLBI technique. For SVLBI program, the design of satellite orbits plays an important role…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Lei Liu , Weimin Zheng