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The development of reliable and extensible molecular mechanics (MM) force fields -- fast, empirical models characterizing the potential energy surface of molecular systems -- is indispensable for biomolecular simulation and computer-aided…

Molecular mechanics (MM) potentials have long been a workhorse of computational chemistry. Leveraging accuracy and speed, these functional forms find use in a wide variety of applications in biomolecular modeling and drug discovery, from…

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations allow atomistic insights into chemical and biological processes. Accurate MD simulations require computationally demanding quantum-mechanical calculations, being practically limited to short timescales…

To address the computational challenges of ab initio molecular dynamics and the accuracy limitations of empirical force fields, the introduction of machine learning force fields has proven effective in various systems including metals and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-18 Junbao Hu , Liyang Zhou , Jian Jiang

Force fields for molecular dynamics are usually developed manually, limiting their transferability and making systematic exploration of functional forms challenging. We developed a graph neural network that assigns all force field…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-18 Alexandre Blanco-González , Thea K Schulze , Evianne Rovers , Joe G Greener

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulates the time evolution of atomic systems governed by interatomic forces, and the fidelity of these simulations depends critically on the underlying force model. Classical force fields (CFFs) rely on fixed…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Udari De Alwis , Benjamin E. Mayer , Tom J. Ashby , Maria Barrera , Timon Evenblij , Joyjit Kundu

Classical empirical force fields have dominated biomolecular simulation for over 50 years. Although widely used in drug discovery, crystal structure prediction, and biomolecular dynamics, they generally lack the accuracy and transferability…

The most popular and universally predictive protein simulation models employ all-atom molecular dynamics (MD), but they come at extreme computational cost. The development of a universal, computationally efficient coarse-grained (CG) model…

Molecular dynamics is a powerful simulation tool to explore material properties. Most of the realistic material systems are too large to be simulated with first-principles molecular dynamics. Classical molecular dynamics has lower…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-11 Zun Wang , Chong Wang , Sibo Zhao , Shiqiao Du , Yong Xu , Bing-Lin Gu , Wenhui Duan

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is essential for various scientific domains but computationally expensive. Learning-based force fields have made significant progress in accelerating ab-initio MD simulation but are not fast enough for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xiang Fu , Tian Xie , Nathan J. Rebello , Bradley D. Olsen , Tommi Jaakkola

A force field as accurate as quantum mechanics (QM) and as fast as molecular mechanics (MM), with which one can simulate a biomolecular system efficiently enough and meaningfully enough to get quantitative insights, is among the most ardent…

The ability to accurately model interatomic interactions in large-scale systems is fundamental to understanding a wide range of physical and chemical phenomena, from drug-protein binding to the behavior of next-generation materials. While…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-26 Taskin Mehereen , Sourav Saha , Intesar Jawad Jaigirdar , Chanwook Park

Coarse graining enables the investigation of molecular dynamics for larger systems and at longer timescales than is possible at atomic resolution. However, a coarse graining model must be formulated such that the conclusions we draw from it…

Gaussian process (GP) emulator has been used as a surrogate model for predicting force field and molecular potential, to overcome the computational bottleneck of molecular dynamics simulation. Integrating both atomic force and energy in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-05-13 Hao Li , Musen Zhou , Jessalyn Sebastian , Jianzhong Wu , Mengyang Gu

Machine-learning force fields (MLFFs) have emerged as a promising solution for speeding up ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, where accurate force predictions are critical but often computationally expensive. In this work, we…

A force field is a critical component in molecular dynamics simulations for computational drug discovery. It must achieve high accuracy within the constraints of molecular mechanics' (MM) limited functional forms, which offers high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Tianze Zheng , Ailun Wang , Xu Han , Yu Xia , Xingyuan Xu , Jiawei Zhan , Yu Liu , Yang Chen , Zhi Wang , Xiaojie Wu , Sheng Gong , Wen Yan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown considerable promise in computational chemistry. However, the limited availability of molecular data raises concerns regarding GNNs' ability to effectively capture the fundamental principles of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Junyi An , Chao Qu , Yun-Fei Shi , XinHao Liu , Qianwei Tang , Fenglei Cao , Yuan Qi

Machine learning force fields possess unprecedented potential in achieving both accuracy and efficiency in molecular simulations. Nevertheless, their application in organic systems is often hindered by structural collapse during simulation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Junbao Hu , Dingyu Hou , Jian Jiang

Developing accurate and efficient coarse-grained representations of proteins is crucial for understanding their folding, function, and interactions over extended timescales. Our methodology involves simulating proteins with molecular…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-11 Carles Navarro , Maciej Majewski , Gianni de Fabritiis

Machine learning force fields show great promise in enabling more accurate molecular dynamics simulations compared to manually derived ones. Much of the progress in recent years was driven by exploiting prior knowledge about physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Andreas Burger , Luca Thiede , Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Nandita Vijaykumar
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