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The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) is reshaping the landscape of automatic assessment in education. While these systems demonstrate substantial advantages in adaptability to diverse question types and flexibility in output…
The LHCb approach for a precise determination of the CKM angle $\gamma$ from tree--level decays is presented. Up to 16 independent determinations, using a variety of beauty and charm mesons decay modes, are available at LHCb. Not all of…
Significant progress toward measuring the CKM angle alpha has been made by the B-factories over the past decade. This work has culminated in a constraint on alpha with a precision of less than 4 degrees.
Various methods are discussed for obtaining the CKM angle gamma through the interference of the charged B-meson decay channels B- -> K- D0 and B- -> K- D0-bar where the D0 and D0-bar decay to common final states. It is found that choosing…
In presenting an up-to-date account of the experimental knowledge of the CKM matrix, special emphasis is placed on the exceptional degree of consistency shown by the current Standard Model determination of the unitarity triangle; some…
We develop a method to measure the CKM angle $\gamma$ without hadronic uncertainties from the analysis of $B^\pm \to K^\pm D^0$ and $K^\pm \D0bar$ followed by singly Cabibbo-suppressed $D$ decays to non CP-eigenstates, such as $K^\pm…
The Belle experiment has measured the CKM angle $\gamma$ in a variety of ways. In this paper, we focused on the recent progress of time-dependent $\gamma$ analysis and the related measurements in Belle.
Uncertainty quantification is necessary for developers, physicians, and regulatory agencies to build trust in machine learning predictors and improve patient care. Beyond measuring uncertainty, it is crucial to express it in clinically…
In this report we summarize the most recent results of measurements of the angle $\gamma/\phi_3$ of the Unitarity Triangle.
Uncertainty quantification of complex technical systems is often based on a computer model of the system. As all models such a computer model is always wrong in the sense that it does not describe the reality perfectly. The purpose of this…
Several methods exist to measure $CP$ violation observables related to the CKM unitarity triangle angle $\gamma$ using $B$ meson decays. These observables are different for every $B$ meson decay considered, although the information they…
Computational models in chemistry rely on a number of approximations. The effect of such approximations on observables derived from them is often unpredictable. Therefore, it is challenging to quantify the uncertainty of a computational…
We study uncertainty relations for pairs of conjugate variables like number and angle, of which one takes integer values and the other takes values on the unit circle. The translation symmetry of the problem in either variable implies that…
We ask which is the best strategy to reveal uncertainty relations between comple- mentary observables of a continuous variable system for coarse-grained measurements. This leads to the derivation of new uncertainty relations for…
The success of present and future cosmological studies is tied to the ability to detect discrepancies in complex data sets within the framework of a cosmological model. Tensions caused by the presence of unknown systematic effects need to…
We are in an era of precision measurements at the Large Hadron Collider. The precision that can be achieved on some of those is limited however due to large systematic uncertainties. This paper introduces a new technique to reduce the total…
There is now a rapidly growing body of experimental data relevant to the question of whether the standard model CKM quark mixing matrix is a correct description of \CP-violation as well as of non--\CP-violating flavor decay processes. In…
We derive a fine-grained uncertainty relation for the measurement of two incompatible observables on a single quantum system of continuous variables, and show that continuous variable systems are more uncertain than discrete variable…
Of the three angles that make up the CKM matrix, the least well known is gamma. A precision measurement of this quantity is highly desirable as it forms one of the arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model. Moreover, this is the one angle…
Indirect measurement can be used to read out the outcome of a quantum system without resorting to a straightforward approach, and it is the foundation of the measurement uncertainty relations that explain the incompatibility of conjugate…