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Pain is among the most salient of experiences while also, curiously, being among the most malleable. A large body of research has revealed that a multitude of explicit strategies can be used to effectively alter the attention-demanding…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-04-11 Aaron Kucyi

Justification bias, wherein retirees may report poorer health to rationalize their retirement, poses a major concern to the widely-used measure of self-assessed health in retirement studies. This paper introduces a novel method for testing…

General Economics · Economics 2024-03-12 Jiayi Wen , Zixi Ye , Xuan Zhang

Different theories posit different sources for feelings of well-being and happiness. Appraisal theory grounds our emotional responses in our goals and desires and their fulfillment, or lack of fulfillment. Self Determination theory posits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Jiaqi Wu , Marilyn Walker , Pranav Anand , Steve Whittaker

The origin of macroscopic complexity is traced in a wide range of systems (imunology, ecology, finance, marketing, etc) to the discrete and auto-catalytic (i.e. multiplicative) character of their elementary components. Even in the simplest…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sorin Solomon

People often receive good news that makes them feel better about the world around them, or bad news that makes them feel worse about it. This paper studies how the valence of news affects belief updating, absent functional and ego-relevant…

General Economics · Economics 2024-01-22 Michael Thaler

Normal anxiety is considered an adaptive response to the possible presence of danger, but is susceptible to dysregulation. Anxiety disorders are prevalent at high frequency in contemporary human societies, yet impose substantial disability…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-06-08 Frazer Meacham , Carl T. Bergstrom

Danger requires a strong rapid response. Speedy triggers are prone to false signals. False alarms can be costly, requiring strong negative regulators to oppose the initial triggers. Strongly opposed forces can easily be perturbed, leading…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-27 Steven A. Frank

Little is known about the microscopic physics that gave rise to inflation in our universe. There are many reasons to wonder if the underlying description requires a careful arrangement of ingredients or if inflation was the result of an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-23 Daniel Green

When a large number of similar entities interact among each other and with their environment at a low scale, unexpected outcomes at higher spatio-temporal scales might spontaneously arise. This nontrivial phenomenon, known as emergence,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-25 Oriol Artime , Manlio De Domenico

Both neurobiological and environmental factors are known to play a role in the origin of schizophrenia, but no model has been proposed that accounts for both. This work presents a functional model of schizophrenia that merges psychodynamic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-03-10 Alessandro Fontana

Using the mechanics of creep in material sciences as a metaphor, we present a general framework to understand the evolution of financial, economic and social systems and to construct scenarios for the future. In a nutshell, highly…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-15 Didier Sornette , Peter Cauwels

Near-miss experiences are one of the main sources of intense emotions. Despite people's consistency when judging near-miss situations and when communicating about them, there is no integrated theoretical account of the phenomenon. In…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-08-25 Jean-Louis Dessalles

Mental stress is a vague though familiar concept that accounts for an agency of the good, the bad and the ugly, that operates in the brains of animated beings, in response to environmental stressors. In this work, we provide evidence for…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-16 Jahan N. Schad

Is emotional well-being monotonically increasing in the level of income or does it reach a plateau at some income threshold, whereafter additional income does not contribute to further well-being? Conflicting answers to this question has…

General Economics · Economics 2024-01-25 Mikkel Bennedsen

Spontaneous switching events in most characterized genetic switches are rare, resulting in extremely stable epigenetic properties. We show how simple arguments lead to theories of the rate of such events much like the absolute rate theory…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-16 Aleksandra M. Walczak , José N. Onuchic , Peter G. Wolynes

Migraine (MGR) ranks first among diseases in terms of years of lost healthy life in young adult and adult women. Currently, there is no theory of MGR. This paper presents a complete theory of migraine that explains its etiology, symptoms,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-14 Ari Rappoport

The feeling of good or bad luck occurs whenever there is an emotion contrast between an event and an easily accessible counterfactual alternative. This study suggests that cognitive simplicity plays a key role in the human ability to…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-08-25 Jean-Louis Dessalles

We study the associations between everyday economic decision-making quality and people's emotional states. Using high-frequency, highly disaggregated consumer "scanner" data, we show that the cost of poor decision-making is substantial, on…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Ian Crawford , Carl-Emil Pless

Our Universe is a vast, tantalizing enigma - a mystery that has aroused humankind's innate curiosity for eons. Begging questions on alien lifeforms have been thus far unfruitful, even with the bounding advancements we have embarked upon in…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-02-20 Jonathan H. Jiang , Philip E. Rosen , Kelly Lu , Kristen A. Fahy , Piotr Obacz

How subjective experience (i.e., consciousness) arises out of objective material processes has been called the hard problem. The neuroscience of consciousness has set out to find the sufficient conditions for consciousness and theoretical…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-17 Peter Coppola
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