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Recent progress in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has greatly enhanced the ability to model complex molecular structures for predicting properties. Nevertheless, molecular data encompasses more than just graph structures, including textual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Junjie Xu , Zongyu Wu , Minhua Lin , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Knowledge distillation from large language models (LLMs) assumes that the teacher's output distribution is a high-quality training signal. On reasoning tasks, this assumption is frequently violated. A model's intermediate representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ryan Brown , Chris Russell

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Due to the difficulty of obtaining high-quality human preference annotations, distilling preferences from generative LLMs has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hongli Zhou , Hui Huang , Wei Liu , Chenglong Wang , Xingyuan Bu , Lvyuan Han , Fuhai Song , Muyun Yang , Wenhao Jiang , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Large vision-language models have achieved outstanding performance, but their size and computational requirements make their deployment on resource-constrained devices and time-sensitive tasks impractical. Model distillation, the process of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Xuanlin Li , Yunhao Fang , Minghua Liu , Zhan Ling , Zhuowen Tu , Hao Su

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a key technique for compressing large language models into smaller ones while preserving performance. Despite the recent traction of KD research, its effectiveness for smaller language models (LMs) and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Suhas Kamasetty Ramesh , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Distinguishing in- and out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is crucial for reliable deployment of classification systems. However, OOD data is typically unavailable or difficult to collect, posing a significant challenge for accurate OOD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Momin Abbas , Muneeza Azmat , Raya Horesh , Mikhail Yurochkin

Machine learning algorithms typically assume independent and identically distributed samples in training and at test time. Much work has shown that high-performing ML classifiers can degrade significantly and provide overly-confident, wrong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Jie Ren , Jiaming Luo , Yao Zhao , Kundan Krishna , Mohammad Saleh , Balaji Lakshminarayanan , Peter J. Liu

Knowledge distillation (KD) is widely used for compressing a teacher model to reduce its inference cost and memory footprint, by training a smaller student model. However, current KD methods for auto-regressive sequence models suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Rishabh Agarwal , Nino Vieillard , Yongchao Zhou , Piotr Stanczyk , Sabela Ramos , Matthieu Geist , Olivier Bachem

The deployment and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) is hindered by their memory inefficiency, computational demands, and the high costs of API inferences. Traditional distillation methods, which transfer the capabilities of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Yifei Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Yuntong Hu , Liang Zhao

Knowledge distillation has emerged as a powerful technique for compressing large language models (LLMs) into efficient, deployable architectures while preserving their advanced capabilities. Recent advances in low-rank knowledge…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Alberlucia Rafael Soarez , Daniel Kim , Mariana Costa , Alejandro Torre

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various NLP tasks. However, their computational costs are prohibitively high. To address this issue, previous research has attempted to distill the knowledge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chengyuan Liu , Yangyang Kang , Fubang Zhao , Kun Kuang , Zhuoren Jiang , Changlong Sun , Fei Wu

Recent years have witnessed the great success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in handling graph-related tasks. However, MLPs remain the primary workhorse for practical industrial applications due to their desirable inference efficiency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Tianyu Fan , Stan Z. Li

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a core component in the training and deployment of modern generative models, particularly large language models (LLMs). While its empirical benefits are well documented -- enabling smaller student models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Sungmin Cha , Kyunghyun Cho

This study proposes a method for knowledge distillation (KD) of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) into smaller, more efficient, and accurate neural networks. We specifically target the challenge of deploying these models on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Ehsan Latif , Luyang Fang , Ping Ma , Xiaoming Zhai

Existing methods for graph out-of-distribution (OOD) detection typically depend on training graph neural network (GNN) classifiers using a substantial amount of labeled in-distribution (ID) data. However, acquiring high-quality labeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Haoyan Xu , Zhengtao Yao , Yushun Dong , Ziyi Wang , Ryan A. Rossi , Mengyuan Li , Yue Zhao

Knowledge distillation optimises a smaller student model to behave similarly to a larger teacher model, retaining some of the performance benefits. While this method can improve results on in-distribution examples, it does not necessarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Joe Stacey , Marek Rei

Practical dialogue systems require robust methods of detecting out-of-scope (OOS) utterances to avoid conversational breakdowns and related failure modes. Directly training a model with labeled OOS examples yields reasonable performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Derek Chen , Zhou Yu

Machine learning (ML) systems in natural language processing (NLP) face significant challenges in generalizing to out-of-distribution (OOD) data, where the test distribution differs from the training data distribution. This poses important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Linyi Yang , Yaoxiao Song , Xuan Ren , Chenyang Lyu , Yidong Wang , Lingqiao Liu , Jindong Wang , Jennifer Foster , Yue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models are often difficult to deploy due to significant computational requirements and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Vijay Goyal , Mustafa Khan , Aprameya Tirupati , Harveer Saini , Michael Lam , Kevin Zhu

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a common knowledge transfer algorithm used for model compression across a variety of deep learning based natural language processing (NLP) solutions. In its regular manifestations, KD requires access to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Ahmad Rashid , Vasileios Lioutas , Abbas Ghaddar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh