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The rapid development of large language models is transforming software development. Beyond serving as code auto-completion tools in integrated development environments, large language models increasingly function as foundation models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Junjie Shi , Weisong Sun , Zhenpeng Chen , Zhujun Wu , Xiaohong Chen , Zhi Jin , Yang Liu

The Stable Diffusion model is a prominent text-to-image generation model that relies on a text prompt as its input, which is encoded using the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP). However, text prompts have limitations when it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yuxuan Ding , Chunna Tian , Haoxuan Ding , Lingqiao Liu

Prompt engineering is crucial for achieving reliable and effective outputs from large language models (LLMs), but its design requires specialized knowledge of prompting techniques and a deep understanding of target tasks. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yohei Ikenoue , Hitomi Tashiro , Shigeru Kuroyanagi

The stories and characters that captivate us as we grow up shape unique fantasy worlds, with images serving as the primary medium for visually experiencing these realms. Personalizing generative models through fine-tuning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yuxin Zhang , Minyan Luo , Weiming Dong , Xiao Yang , Haibin Huang , Chongyang Ma , Oliver Deussen , Tong-Yee Lee , Changsheng Xu

Automated paper reproduction has emerged as a promising approach to accelerate scientific research, employing multi-step workflow frameworks to systematically convert academic papers into executable code. However, existing frameworks often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zijie Lin , Qilin Cai , Liang Shen , Mingjun Xiao

Deep generative models have shown impressive results in text-to-image synthesis. However, current text-to-image models often generate images that are inadequately aligned with text prompts. We propose a fine-tuning method for aligning such…

Visual autoregressive (VAR) models have recently emerged as an efficient paradigm for text-to-image generation. Despite their strong generative capability, existing VAR-based personalization methods remain limited to static settings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Junhao Li , Xinhao Zhong , Yi sun , Yuxia Qiao , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia , Yaowei Wang

Pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, working with manually designed prompts have demonstrated great capacity of transfer learning. Recently, learnable prompts achieve state-of-the-art performance, which however are prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Baoshuo Kan , Teng Wang , Wenpeng Lu , Xiantong Zhen , Weili Guan , Feng Zheng

Recent virtual try-on approaches have advanced by finetuning pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models to leverage their powerful generative ability. However, the use of text prompts in virtual try-on remains underexplored. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jeongho Kim , Hoiyeong Jin , Sunghyun Park , Jaegul Choo

As a challenging task, text-to-image generation aims to generate photo-realistic and semantically consistent images according to the given text descriptions. Existing methods mainly extract the text information from only one sentence to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Xintian Wu , Hanbin Zhao , Liangli Zheng , Shouhong Ding , Xi Li

Modern text-to-image generation systems have enabled the creation of remarkably realistic and high-quality visuals, yet they often falter when handling the inherent ambiguities in user prompts. In this work, we present Twin-Co, a framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jianhui Wang , Yangfan He , Yan Zhong , Xinyuan Song , Jiayi Su , Yuheng Feng , Ruoyu Wang , Hongyang He , Wenyu Zhu , Xinhang Yuan , Miao Zhang , Keqin Li , Jiaqi Chen , Tianyu Shi , Xueqian Wang

Diffusion-based generative models have significantly advanced text-to-image generation but encounter challenges when processing lengthy and intricate text prompts describing complex scenes with multiple objects. While excelling in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Hanan Gani , Shariq Farooq Bhat , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Peter Wonka

Textual-based prompt learning methods primarily employ multiple learnable soft prompts and hard class tokens in a cascading manner as text inputs, aiming to align image and text (category) spaces for downstream tasks. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Zheng Li , Yibing Song , Ming-Ming Cheng , Xiang Li , Jian Yang

Text-to-image generation has progressed rapidly, but faithfully generating complex scenes requires extensive trial-and-error to find the exact prompt. In the prompt inversion task, the goal is to recover a textual prompt that can faithfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Asaf Buchnick , Aviv Shamsian , Aviv Navon , Ethan Fetaya

Research on generative models to produce human-aligned / human-preferred outputs has seen significant recent contributions. Between text and image-generative models, we narrowed our focus to text-based generative models, particularly to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Adarsh N L , Arun P , Aravindh N L

Prompt learning has proven effective in adapting vision language models for downstream tasks. However, existing methods usually append learnable prompt tokens solely with the category names to obtain textual features, which fails to fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Tong Ding , Wanhua Li , Zhongqi Miao , Hanspeter Pfister

Composed image retrieval (CIR) is the task of retrieving specific images by using a query that involves both a reference image and a relative caption. Most existing CIR models adopt the late-fusion strategy to combine visual and language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yang Bai , Xinxing Xu , Yong Liu , Salman Khan , Fahad Khan , Wangmeng Zuo , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Chun-Mei Feng

Recent rehearsal-free continual learning (CL) methods guided by prompts achieve strong performance on vision tasks with non-stationary data but remain resource-intensive, hindering real-world edge deployment. We introduce resource-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sungho Jeon , Xinyue Ma , Kwang In Kim , Myeongjae Jeon

Recent advances in multimodal learning has resulted in powerful vision-language models, whose representations are generalizable across a variety of downstream tasks. Recently, their generalization ability has been further extended by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Koustava Goswami , Srikrishna Karanam , Prateksha Udhayanan , K J Joseph , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Truing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a widely used technology to distinguish real users and automated users such as bots. However, the advance of AI technologies weakens many CAPTCHA tests…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Rulin Shao , Zhouxing Shi , Jinfeng Yi , Pin-Yu Chen , Cho-Jui Hsieh