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Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools for modeling complex data distributions, yet their purely data-driven nature limits applicability in practical engineering and scientific problems where physical laws need to be…

Geospatial observational datasets are often limited to point measurements, making temporal prediction and spatial interpolation essential for constructing continuous fields. This study evaluates two deep learning strategies for addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Anna Pazola , Mohammad Shamsudduha , Richard G. Taylor , Allan Tucker

High-resolution mapping of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a cornerstone of sustainable urbanism but remains critically hindered by the spatial sparsity of ground monitoring networks. While traditional data-driven methods attempt to…

Interpolation for scattered data is a classical problem in numerical analysis, with a long history of theoretical and practical contributions. Recent advances have utilized deep neural networks to construct interpolators, exhibiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Shizhe Ding , Boyang Xia , Milong Ren , Dongbo Bu

A significant challenge in many fields of science and engineering is making sense of time-dependent measurement data by recovering governing equations in the form of differential equations. We focus on finding parsimonious ordinary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Doris Voina , Steven Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

We present Graph Neural Diffusion (GRAND) that approaches deep learning on graphs as a continuous diffusion process and treats Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) as discretisations of an underlying PDE. In our model, the layer structure and…

A blurring algorithm with linear time complexity can reduce the small-scale content of data observed at scattered locations in a spatially extended domain of arbitrary dimension. The method works by forming a Gaussian interpolant of the…

Computation · Statistics 2020-09-22 Gregor Robinson , Ian Grooms

The growing integration of renewable energy sources has significantly reduced grid inertia, making modern power systems more vulnerable to instabilities. Accurate estimation of dynamic parameters such as inertia constants and damping…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Aiman Mushtaq Purra , Danish Rafiq

We introduce Structure Informed Neural Networks (SINNs), a novel method for solving boundary observation problems involving PDEs. The SINN methodology is a data-driven framework for creating approximate solutions to internal variables on…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-31 Jakub Horsky , Andrew Wynn

Scientific simulations and experimental measurements produce vast amounts of spatio-temporal data, yet extracting meaningful insights remains challenging due to high dimensionality, complex structures, and missing information. Traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hamid Gadirov

Interpolation in Spatio-temporal data has applications in various domains such as climate, transportation, and mining. Spatio-Temporal interpolation is highly challenging due to the complex spatial and temporal relationships. However,…

Under a smart grid paradigm, there has been an increase in sensor installations to enhance situational awareness. The measurements from these sensors can be leveraged for real-time monitoring, control, and protection. However, these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-09 Shweta Dahale , Sai Munikoti , Balasubramaniam Natarajan , Rui Yang

Paleoclimatic measurements serve to understand Earth System processes and evaluate climate model performances. However, their spatial coverage is generally sparse and unevenly distributed across the globe. Statistical interpolation methods…

The application of deep learning methods to speed up the resolution of challenging power flow problems has recently shown very encouraging results. However, power system dynamics are not snap-shot, steady-state operations. These dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Mostafa Mohammadian , Kyri Baker , Ferdinando Fioretto

For uncertainty propagation of highly complex and/or nonlinear problems, one must resort to sample-based non-intrusive approaches [1]. In such cases, minimizing the number of function evaluations required to evaluate the response surface is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Anindya Bhaduri , Lori Graham-Brady

The analysis of data coming from interferometric antennas for gravitational waves detection may require a huge amount of computing power. The usual approach to the detection strategy is to set-up computer farms able to perform several tasks…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Acernese , F. Barone , R. De Rosa , R. Esposito , P. Mastroserio , L. Milano , S. Pardi , K. Qipiani , G. Spadaccini

One of the challenges for neural networks in real-life applications is the overconfident errors these models make when the data is not from the original training distribution. Addressing this issue is known as Out-of-Distribution (OOD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sina Sharifi , Taha Entesari , Bardia Safaei , Vishal M. Patel , Mahyar Fazlyab

Traditionally power distribution networks are either not observable or only partially observable. This complicates development and implementation of new smart grid technologies, such as those related to demand response, outage detection and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-02 Deepjyoti Deka , Scott Backhaus , Michael Chertkov

This work addresses the accurate and efficient simulation of physical phenomena governed by parametric Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) characterized by varying boundary conditions, where parametric instances modify not only the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Francesco Della Santa , Sandra Pieraccini , Maria Strazzullo

Grid maps, especially occupancy grid maps, are ubiquitous in many mobile robot applications. To simplify the process of learning the map, grid maps subdivide the world into a grid of cells whose occupancies are independently estimated using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Matti Pekkanen , Francesco Verdoja , Ville Kyrki