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Visual Question Answering (VQA) is the task of answering a question about an image and requires processing multimodal input and reasoning to obtain the answer. Modular solutions that use declarative representations within the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Thomas Eiter , Jan Hadl , Nelson Higuera , Johannes Oetsch

The evolution of Visual Large Language Models (VLLMs) has revolutionized the automatic understanding of Visually Rich Documents (VRDs), which contain both textual and visual elements. Although VLLMs excel in Visual Question Answering (VQA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Davide Napolitano , Luca Cagliero , Fabrizio Battiloro

Visual Question Answering (VQA) task has showcased a new stage of interaction between language and vision, two of the most pivotal components of artificial intelligence. However, it has mostly focused on generating short and repetitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-22 Andrew Shin , Yoshitaka Ushiku , Tatsuya Harada

Seeking answers to questions within long scientific research articles is a crucial area of study that aids readers in quickly addressing their inquiries. However, existing question-answering (QA) datasets based on scientific papers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shraman Pramanick , Rama Chellappa , Subhashini Venugopalan

Vision and language models (VLMs) are expected to analyse complex documents, such as those containing flowcharts, through a question-answering (QA) interface. The ability to recognise and interpret these flowcharts is in high demand, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Hiroshi Sasaki

Long document question answering (DocQA) aims to answer questions from long documents over 10k words. They usually contain content structures such as sections, sub-sections, and paragraph demarcations. However, the indexing methods of long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Kuicai Dong , Derrick Goh Xin Deik , Yi Quan Lee , Hao Zhang , Xiangyang Li , Cong Zhang , Yong Liu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a recent problem in computer vision and natural language processing that has garnered a large amount of interest from the deep learning, computer vision, and natural language processing communities. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Kushal Kafle , Christopher Kanan

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) faces dual challenges in processing lengthy multimodal documents (text, images, tables) and performing cross-modal reasoning. Current document retrieval-augmented generation (DocRAG) methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Shijie Huang , Yasheng Wang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Visual question answering (VQA) is the task of answering questions about an image. The task assumes an understanding of both the image and the question to provide a natural language answer. VQA has gained popularity in recent years due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Deepanway Ghosal , Navonil Majumder , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Rada Mihalcea , Soujanya Poria

Open Domain Question Answering (ODQA) within natural language processing involves building systems that answer factual questions using large-scale knowledge corpora. Recent advances stem from the confluence of several factors, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Akchay Srivastava , Atif Memon

PDFs are the second-most used document type on the internet (after HTML). Yet, existing QA datasets commonly start from text sources or only address specific domains. In this paper, we present pdfQA, a multi-domain 2K human-annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Tobias Schimanski , Imene Kolli , Yu Fan , Ario Saeid Vaghefi , Jingwei Ni , Elliott Ash , Markus Leippold

Long-form question answering (LFQA) poses a challenge as it involves generating detailed answers in the form of paragraphs, which go beyond simple yes/no responses or short factual answers. While existing QA models excel in questions with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Pritom Saha Akash , Kashob Kumar Roy , Lucian Popa , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) show promise for scientific applications, yet open-source models still struggle with Scientific Visual Question Answering (SVQA), namely answering questions about figures from scientific papers. A key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yuyi Li , Daoyuan Chen , Zhen Wang , Yutong Lu , Yaliang Li

Visual contents, such as illustrations and images, play a big role in product manual understanding. Existing Product Manual Question Answering (PMQA) datasets tend to ignore visual contents and only retain textual parts. In this work, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Liang Zhang , Anwen Hu , Jing Zhang , Shuo Hu , Qin Jin

Despite the strong language understanding abilities of large language models (LLMs), they still struggle with reliable question answering (QA) over long, structured documents, particularly for numerical reasoning. Financial annual reports…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yi-Cheng Wang , Wei-An Wang , Chu-Song Chen

Taking an image and question as the input of our method, it can output the text-based answer of the query question about the given image, so called Visual Question Answering (VQA). There are two main modules in our algorithm. Given a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Jia-Hong Huang , Modar Alfadly , Bernard Ghanem

Progress in cross-lingual modeling depends on challenging, realistic, and diverse evaluation sets. We introduce Multilingual Knowledge Questions and Answers (MKQA), an open-domain question answering evaluation set comprising 10k…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Shayne Longpre , Yi Lu , Joachim Daiber

In visual question answering (VQA), an algorithm must answer text-based questions about images. While multiple datasets for VQA have been created since late 2014, they all have flaws in both their content and the way algorithms are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Kushal Kafle , Christopher Kanan

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has been primarily studied through the lens of the English language. Yet, tackling VQA in other languages in the same manner would require a considerable amount of resources. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Soravit Changpinyo , Linting Xue , Michal Yarom , Ashish V. Thapliyal , Idan Szpektor , Julien Amelot , Xi Chen , Radu Soricut

Paragraph-style image captions describe diverse aspects of an image as opposed to the more common single-sentence captions that only provide an abstract description of the image. These paragraph captions can hence contain substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Hyounghun Kim , Mohit Bansal
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