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Software vulnerabilities are a serious and crucial concern. Typically, in a program or function consisting of hundreds or thousands of source code statements, there are only a few statements causing the corresponding vulnerabilities. Most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Michael Fu , John Grundy , Hung Nguyen , Seyit Camtepe , Paul Quirk , Dinh Phung

The application of Artificial Intelligence has become a powerful approach to detecting software vulnerabilities. However, effective vulnerability detection relies on accurately capturing the semantic structure of code and its contextual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-12 José Gonçalves , Miguel Silva , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Though many deep learning (DL)-based vulnerability detection approaches have been proposed and indeed achieved remarkable performance, they still have limitations in the generalization as well as the practical usage. More precisely,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Chao Ni , Xin Yin , Kaiwen Yang , Dehai Zhao , Zhenchang Xing , Xin Xia

With the increasing security issues in blockchain, smart contract vulnerability detection has become a research focus. Existing vulnerability detection methods have their limitations: 1) Static analysis methods struggle with complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Lei Yu , Shiqi Cheng , Zhirong Huang , Jingyuan Zhang , Chenjie Shen , Junyi Lu , Li Yang , Fengjun Zhang , Jiajia Ma

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

One of the most important challenges in the field of software code audit is the presence of vulnerabilities in software source code. These flaws are highly likely ex-ploited and lead to system compromise, data leakage, or denial of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Zakirul Alam Bhuiya

The rapid advancement of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has demonstrated promising results for various code-related tasks. However, their effectiveness in detecting real-world vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge. While existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Youpeng Li , Weiliang Qi , Xuyu Wang , Fuxun Yu , Xinda Wang

Software vulnerability detection is generally supported by automated static analysis tools, which have recently been reinforced by deep learning (DL) models. However, despite the superior performance of DL-based approaches over rule-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yanjing Yang , Xin Zhou , Runfeng Mao , Jinwei Xu , Lanxin Yang , Yu Zhangm , Haifeng Shen , He Zhang

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Structured, procedural reasoning is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs), especially in mathematics. While post-training methods have improved LLM performance, they still fall short in capturing deep procedural logic on complex tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhichao Yang , Zhaoxin Fan , Gen Li , Yuanze Hu , Xinyu Wang , Ye Qiu , Xin Wang , Yifan Sun , Wenjun Wu

In recent years, code security has become increasingly important, especially with the rise of interconnected technologies. Detecting vulnerabilities early in the software development process has demonstrated numerous benefits. Consequently,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-22 José Gonçalves , Tiago Dias , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for structured data generation, yet output consistency remains critical for production applications. We introduce a comprehensive framework for evaluating and improving consistency in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Guanghui Wang , Jinze Yu , Xing Zhang , Dayuan Jiang , Yin Song , Tomal Deb , Xuefeng Liu , Peiyang He

Recently, many pre-trained language models for source code have been proposed to model the context of code and serve as a basis for downstream code intelligence tasks such as code completion, code search, and code summarization. These…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Yao Wan , Wei Zhao , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin

Recent years have seen the successful application of large pre-trained models to code representation learning, resulting in substantial improvements on many code-related downstream tasks. But there are issues surrounding their application…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Changan Niu , Chuanyi Li , Vincent Ng , Jidong Ge , Liguo Huang , Bin Luo

We present VulStyle, a multi-modal software vulnerability detection model that jointly encodes function-level source code, non-terminal Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) structure, and code stylometry (CStyle) features. Prior work in code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chidera Biringa , Ajmal Abbas , Vishnu Selvaraj , Gokhan Kul

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming software engineering tasks, including code vulnerability detection-a critical area of software security. However, existing methods often rely on resource-intensive models or graph-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yifan Zhang , Michael Sandborn , Stefan Larson , Yu Huang , Kevin Leach

Modern infrastructures rely on software systems that remain vulnerable to cyberattacks. These attacks frequently exploit vulnerabilities documented in repositories such as MITRE's Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE). However, Cyber…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Refat Othman

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents new opportunities for automated software vulnerability detection, a crucial task in securing modern codebases. This paper presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Md Hasan Saju , Maher Muhtadi , Akramul Azim

Existing computer vision(CV)-based structural damage identification models demonstrate notable accuracy in categorizing and localizing damage. However, these models present several critical limitations that hinder their practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yunkai Zhang , Shiyin Wei , Yong Huang , Yawu Su , Shanshan Lu , Hui Li

Effective Service Function Chain (SFC) provisioning requires precise orchestration in dynamic and latency-sensitive networks. Reinforcement Learning (RL) improves adaptability but often ignores structured domain knowledge, which limits…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xinyu Zhu , Parisa Fard Moshiri , Poonam Lohan , Burak Kantarci , Emil Janulewicz