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Code is increasingly becoming a core data modality of modern machine learning research impacting not only the way we write code with conversational agents like OpenAI's ChatGPT, Google's Bard, or Anthropic's Claude, the way we translate…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) generate explicit reasoning traces alongside final answers, yet the extent to which these traces influence answer generation remains unclear. In this work, we conduct a three-stage investigation into the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jue Zhang , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales, which provide step-by-step reasoning to derive final answers, benefit LLMs in both inference and training. Incorporating rationales, either by generating them before answering during inference, or by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wenhang Shi , Shuqing Bian , Yiren Chen , Xinyi Zhang , Zhe Zhao , Pengfei Hu , Wei Lu , Xiaoyong Du

While large language models (LLMs) equipped with techniques like chain-of-thought prompting have demonstrated impressive capabilities, they still fall short in their ability to reason robustly in complex settings. However, evaluating LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zayne Sprague , Xi Ye , Kaj Bostrom , Swarat Chaudhuri , Greg Durrett

We discover a novel and surprising phenomenon of unintentional misalignment in reasoning language models (RLMs), which we call self-jailbreaking. Specifically, after benign reasoning training on math or code domains, RLMs will use multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zheng-Xin Yong , Stephen H. Bach

Effective code generation with language models hinges on two critical factors: accurately understanding the intent of the prompt and generating code that applies algorithmic reasoning to produce correct solutions capable of passing diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Amir Jalilifard , Anderson de Rezende Rocha , Marcos Medeiros Raimundo

Commit messages provide descriptions of the modifications made in a commit using natural language, making them crucial for software maintenance and evolution. Recent developments in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their use in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Aaron Imani , Iftekhar Ahmed , Mohammad Moshirpour

We introduce LeetCodeDataset, a high-quality benchmark for evaluating and training code-generation models, addressing two key challenges in LLM research: the lack of reasoning-focused coding benchmarks and self-contained training testbeds.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yunhui Xia , Wei Shen , Yan Wang , Jason Klein Liu , Huifeng Sun , Siyue Wu , Jian Hu , Xiaolong Xu

Medical tasks such as diagnosis and treatment planning require precise and complex reasoning, particularly in life-critical domains. Unlike mathematical reasoning, medical reasoning demands meticulous, verifiable thought processes to ensure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Juncheng Wu , Wenlong Deng , Xingxuan Li , Sheng Liu , Taomian Mi , Yifan Peng , Ziyang Xu , Yi Liu , Hyunjin Cho , Chang-In Choi , Yihan Cao , Hui Ren , Xiang Li , Xiaoxiao Li , Yuyin Zhou

The recent work of Clark et al. introduces the AI2 Reasoning Challenge (ARC) and the associated ARC dataset that partitions open domain, complex science questions into an Easy Set and a Challenge Set. That paper includes an analysis of 100…

Long-context LLMs can infer objectives that are not stated explicitly. This capability is useful for reasoning over documents, code, retrieved evidence, and tool traces, but it also creates a safety risk: harmful intent can be distributed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yu Fu , Haz Sameen Shahgir , Huanli Gong , Zhipeng Wei , N. Benjamin Erichson , Yue Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that exploit weaknesses in traditional safety alignment, which often relies on rigid refusal heuristics or representation engineering to block harmful outputs. While they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuyou Zhang , Miao Li , William Han , Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Ding Zhao

Existing self-explaining models typically favor extracting the shortest possible rationales - snippets of an input text "responsible for" corresponding output - to explain the model prediction, with the assumption that shorter rationales…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Hua Shen , Tongshuang Wu , Wenbo Guo , Ting-Hao 'Kenneth' Huang

Explanation methods in Interpretable NLP often explain the model's decision by extracting evidence (rationale) from the input texts supporting the decision. Benchmark datasets for rationales have been released to evaluate how good the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have seen considerable advancements in natural language understanding tasks, yet there remains a gap to bridge before attaining true artificial general intelligence, especially concerning shortcomings in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Minpeng Liao , Wei Luo , Chengxi Li , Jing Wu , Kai Fan

Large language models readily memorize arbitrary training instances, such as label noise, yet they perform strikingly well on reasoning tasks. In this work, we investigate how language models memorize label noise, and why such memorization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yupei Du , Philipp Mondorf , Silvia Casola , Yuekun Yao , Robert Litschko , Barbara Plank

Semantic communication is an emerging paradigm that focuses on understanding and delivering semantics, or meaning of messages. Most existing semantic communication solutions define semantic meaning as the meaning of object labels recognized…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Jingming Liang , Yong Xiao , Yingyu Li , Guangming Shi , Mehdi Bennis

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly solve difficult problems by producing "reasoning traces" before emitting a final response. However, it remains unclear how accuracy and decision commitment evolve along a reasoning trajectory, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Marthe Ballon , Brecht Verbeken , Vincent Ginis , Andres Algaba

A fundamental skill among human developers is the ability to understand and reason about program execution. As an example, a programmer can mentally simulate code execution in natural language to debug and repair code (aka. rubber duck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ansong Ni , Miltiadis Allamanis , Arman Cohan , Yinlin Deng , Kensen Shi , Charles Sutton , Pengcheng Yin

As Large Language Models for Code (LM4Code) become integral to software engineering, establishing trust in their output becomes critical. However, standard accuracy metrics obscure the underlying reasoning of generative models, offering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Dipin Khati , Daniel Rodriguez-Cardenas , David N. Palacio , Alejandro Velasco , Michele Tufano , Denys Poshyvanyk