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The problem of finding paths in temporal graphs has been recently considered due to its many applications. In this paper we consider a variant of the problem that, given a vertex-colored temporal graph, asks for a path whose vertices have…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Riccardo Dondi , Mohammad Mehdi Hosseinzadeh

This paper investigates concurrency-constrained scheduling problems, where the objective is to construct a schedule for a set of jobs subject to concurrency restrictions. Formally, we are given a conflict graph $G$ defined over a set of $n$…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hans L. Bodlaender , Danny Hermelin , Erik Jan van Leeuwen

We study multi-marginal optimal transport (MOT) problems where the underlying cost has a graphical structure. These graphical multi-marginal optimal transport problems have found applications in several domains including traffic flow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Jiaojiao Fan , Isabel Haasler , Qinsheng Zhang , Johan Karlsson , Yongxin Chen

Temporal graph neural networks (TGNNs) have been widely used for modeling time-evolving graph-related tasks due to their ability to capture both graph topology dependency and non-linear temporal dynamic. The explanation of TGNNs is of vital…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Wenchong He , Minh N. Vu , Zhe Jiang , My T. Thai

The betweenness centrality of a vertex v is an important centrality measure that quantifies how many optimal paths between pairs of other vertices visit v. Computing betweenness centrality in a temporal graph, in which the edge set may…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Jessica Enright , Kitty Meeks , Hendrik Molter

Given an undirected graph $G$, the problem of deciding whether $G$ admits a simple and proper time-labeling that makes it temporally connected is known to be NP-hard (G\"obel et al., 1991). In this article, we relax this problem and ask…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Arnaud Casteigts , Michelle Döring , Nils Morawietz

We consider temporal graphs with discrete time labels and investigate the size and the approximability of minimum temporally connected spanning subgraphs. We present a family of minimally connected temporal graphs with $n$ vertices and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Kyriakos Axiotis , Dimitris Fotakis

Temporal graphs have edge sets that change over discrete time steps. Such graphs are temporally connected (TC) if all pairs of vertices can reach each other using paths that traverse the edges in a time-respecting way (temporal paths).…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Arnaud Casteigts , Hendrik Molter , Meirav Zehavi

Reachability and shortest path problems are NL-complete for general graphs. They are known to be in L for graphs of tree-width 2 [JT07]. However, for graphs of tree-width larger than 2, no bound better than NL is known. In this paper, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Bireswar Das , Samir Datta , Prajakta Nimbhorkar

Many tractable algorithms for solving the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) have been developed using the notion of the treewidth of some graph derived from the input CSP instance. In particular, the incidence graph of the CSP instance…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-19 M. Praveen

We consider the ``minimum degree spanning tree'' problem. As input, we receive an undirected, connected graph $G=(V, E)$ with $n$ nodes and $m$ edges, and our task is to find a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ that minimizes $\max_{u \in V}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sayan Bhattacharya , Ermiya Farokhnejad , Haoze Wang

We study the problem of maximizing the number of spanning trees in a connected graph by adding at most $k$ edges from a given candidate edge set. We give both algorithmic and hardness results for this problem: - We give a greedy algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Huan Li , Stacy Patterson , Yuhao Yi , Zhongzhi Zhang

Motivated by evacuation scenarios arising in extreme events such as flooding or forest fires, we study the problem of smoothly scheduling a set of paths in graphs where connections become impassable at some point in time. A schedule is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Till Fluschnik , Amela Pucic , Malte Renken

We investigate the optimal transport (OT) problem over networks, wherein supply and demand are conceptualized as temporal marginals governing departure rates of particles from source nodes and arrival rates at sink nodes. This setting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Anqi Dong , Karl H. Johansson , Johan Karlsson

Temporal graphs are graphs whose edges are only present at certain points in time. Reachability in these graphs relies on temporal paths, where edges are traversed chronologically. A temporal graph that offers all-pairs reachability is said…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Arnaud Casteigts , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz

Several classical combinatorial problems have been considered and analysed on temporal graphs. Recently, a variant of Vertex Cover on temporal graphs, called MinTimelineCover, has been introduced to summarize timeline activities in social…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Riccardo Dondi , Manuel Lafond

In this paper, we introduce the Fixed Topology Minimum-Length Tree with Neighborhood Problem, which aims to embed a rooted tree-shaped graph into a $d$-dimensional metric space while minimizing its total length provided that the nodes must…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-09 Víctor Blanco , Gabriel González , Justo Puerto

We investigate the computational complexity of finding temporally disjoint paths or walks in temporal graphs. There, the edge set changes over discrete time steps and a temporal path (resp. walk) uses edges that appear at monotonically…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Nina Klobas , George B. Mertzios , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Philipp Zschoche

Computing paths in graph structures is a fundamental operation in a wide range of applications, from transportation networks to data analysis. The beer path problem, which captures the option of visiting points of interest, such as gas…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Andrea D'Ascenzo , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Sotiris Kanellopoulos , Anna Mpanti , Aris Pagourtzis , Christos Pergaminelis

The basic (and traditional) crossing number problem is to determine the minimum number of crossings in a topological drawing of an input graph in the plane. We develop a unified framework yielding fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) algorithms…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Éric Colin de Verdière , Petr Hliněný