Related papers: Bayesian electron density determination from spars…
Single molecule X-ray scattering experiments with free electron lasers have opened a new route to the structure determination of biomolecules. Because typically only very few photons per scattering image are recorded and thus the…
An outstanding question in X-ray single particle imaging experiments has been the feasibility of imaging sub 10-nm-sized biomolecules under realistic experimental conditions where very few photons are expected to be measured in a single…
Single particle diffraction imaging experiments at free-electron lasers (FEL) have a great potential for structure determination of reproducible biological specimens that can not be crystallized. One of the challenges in processing the data…
Scattering experiments using ultrashort X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) pulses have opened a new path for structure determination of a wide variety of specimens, including nano-crystals and entire viruses, approaching atomistic spatial and…
The advent of X-ray Free Electron Lasers promises the possibility to determine the structure of individual particles such as microcrystallites, viruses and biomolecules from single-shot diffraction snapshots obtained before the particle is…
Imaging of the structure of single proteins or other biomolecules with atomic resolution would be enormously beneficial to structural biology. X-ray free-electron lasers generate highly intense and ultrashort x-ray pulses, providing a route…
Raman spectroscopy can be used to identify molecules such as DNA by the characteristic scattering of light from a laser. It is sensitive at very low concentrations and can accurately quantify the amount of a given molecule in a sample. The…
The short and intense pulses of the new X-ray free electron lasers, now operational or under construction, may make possible diffraction experiments on single molecule-sized objects with high resolution, before radiation damage destroys the…
Short-pulse intense lasers have the potential to model extreme astrophysical environments in laboratories. Although there are diagnostics for energetic electrons and ions resulting from laser-plasma interactions, the diagnostics to measure…
Using a high energy electron beam for the imaging of high density matter with both high spatial-temporal and areal density resolution under extreme states of temperature and pressure is one of the critical challenges in high energy density…
Revealing the structure of complex biological macromolecules, such as proteins, is an essential step for understanding the chemical mechanisms that determine the diversity of their functions. Synchrotron based x-ray crystallography and…
We present a new Bayesian methodology to learn the unknown material density of a given sample by inverting its two-dimensional images that are taken with a Scanning Electron Microscope. An image results from a sequence of projections of the…
Imaging single proteins has been a long-standing ambition for advancing various fields in natural science, as for instance structural biology, biophysics and molecular nanotechnology. In particular, revealing the distinct conformations of…
In a standard method of determining electron density for soft X-ray (SXR) flare kernels it is necessary to assume what is the extension of a kernel along the line of sight. This is a source of significant uncertainty of the obtained…
Electron ptychography has seen a recent surge of interest for phase sensitive imaging at atomic or near-atomic resolution. However, applications are so far mainly limited to radiation-hard samples because the required doses are too high for…
This paper discusses new methods for processing images in the photon-limited regime where the number of photons per pixel is binary. We present a new Bayesian denoising method for binary, single-photon images. Each pixel measurement is…
We examine x-ray scattering from an isolated organic molecule from the linear to nonlinear absorptiveregime. In the nonlinear regime, we explore the importance of both the elastic and inelastic channelsand observe the onset of nonlinear…
The problem of the determination of the charge density from limited information about the charge form factor is an ill-posed inverse problem. A Bayesian probabilistic approach to this problem which permits to take into account both errors…
Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing of hundreds of thousands (or more) of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-flux image of the diffraction pattern is…
Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum imaging yields compositional information with a spatial resolution down to the atomic level. However, experimental limitations often produce extremely sparse and noisy EDX spectra. Under such…