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As machine learning (ML) systems increasingly shape access to credit, jobs, and other opportunities, the fairness of algorithmic decisions has become a central concern. Yet it remains unclear when enforcing fairness constraints in these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-10 Yi Yang , Xiangyu Chang , Pei-yu Chen

Artificial Intelligence-generated content has become increasingly popular, yet its malicious use, particularly the deepfakes, poses a serious threat to public trust and discourse. While deepfake detection methods achieve high predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tomasz Szandala , Fatima Ezzeddine , Natalia Rusin , Silvia Giordano , Omran Ayoub

Fair top-$k$ selection, which ensures appropriate proportional representation of members from minority or historically disadvantaged groups among the top-$k$ selected candidates, has drawn significant attention. We study the problem of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Guangya Cai

With the growing adoption of machine learning (ML) systems in areas like law enforcement, criminal justice, finance, hiring, and admissions, it is increasingly critical to guarantee the fairness of decisions assisted by ML. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Meiyu Zhong , Ravi Tandon

We study fairness in classification, where individuals are classified, e.g., admitted to a university, and the goal is to prevent discrimination against individuals based on their membership in some group, while maintaining utility for the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-11-30 Cynthia Dwork , Moritz Hardt , Toniann Pitassi , Omer Reingold , Rich Zemel

Minimizing risk with fairness constraints is one of the popular approaches to learning a fair classifier. Recent works showed that this approach yields an unfair classifier if the training set is corrupted. In this work, we study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Changhun Jo , Jy-yong Sohn , Kangwook Lee

Applications based on Machine Learning models have now become an indispensable part of the everyday life and the professional world. A critical question then recently arised among the population: Do algorithmic decisions convey any type of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-07 Philippe Besse , Eustasio del Barrio , Paula Gordaliza , Jean-Michel Loubes , Laurent Risser

Demographic bias is one of the major challenges for face recognition systems. The majority of existing studies on demographic biases are heavily dependent on specific demographic groups or demographic classifier, making it difficult to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Tetsushi Ohki , Yuya Sato , Masakatsu Nishigaki , Koichi Ito

Applications that deal with sensitive information may have restrictions placed on the data available to a machine learning (ML) classifier. For example, in some applications, a classifier may not have direct access to sensitive attributes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Zachary McBride Lazri , Danial Dervovic , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Ivan Brugere , Dana Dachman-Soled , Min Wu

Differentially private (DP) synthetic data is a promising approach to maximizing the utility of data containing sensitive information. Due to the suppression of underrepresented classes that is often required to achieve privacy, however, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Blake Bullwinkel , Kristen Grabarz , Lily Ke , Scarlett Gong , Chris Tanner , Joshua Allen

Demographic parity (DP) is a widely studied fairness criterion in regression, enforcing independence between the predictions and sensitive attributes. However, constraining the entire distribution can degrade predictive accuracy and may be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Naht Sinh Le , Christophe Denis , Mohamed Hebiri

Differential Privacy (DP) is an important privacy-enhancing technology for private machine learning systems. It allows to measure and bound the risk associated with an individual participation in a computation. However, it was recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Cuong Tran , My H. Dinh , Ferdinando Fioretto

In algorithmically fair prediction problems, a standard goal is to ensure the equality of fairness metrics across multiple overlapping groups simultaneously. We reconsider this standard fair classification problem using a probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Forest Yang , Moustapha Cisse , Sanmi Koyejo

Fairness holds a pivotal role in the realm of machine learning, particularly when it comes to addressing groups categorised by protected attributes, e.g., gender, race. Prevailing algorithms in fair learning predominantly hinge on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Quan Zhou , Jakub Marecek

These notes shows how to do inference on the Demographic Parity (DP) metric. Although the metric is a complex statistic involving min and max computations, we propose a smooth approximation of those functions and derive its asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-29 Karthik Rajkumar

This paper considers fair probabilistic binary classification where the outputs of primary interest are predicted probabilities, commonly referred to as scores. We formulate the problem of transforming scores to satisfy fairness constraints…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Dennis Wei , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Flavio du Pin Calmon

The definition and implementation of fairness in automated decisions has been extensively studied by the research community. Yet, there hides fallacious reasoning, misleading assertions, and questionable practices at the foundations of the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Robert Lee Poe , Soumia Zohra El Mestari

As an important problem in modern data analytics, classification has witnessed varieties of applications from different domains. Different from conventional classification approaches, fair classification concerns the issues of unintentional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-25 Qing Ye , Weijun Xie

Despite the progress made in deepfake detection research, recent studies have shown that biases in the training data for these detectors can result in varying levels of performance across different demographic groups, such as race and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Uzoamaka Ezeakunne , Chrisantus Eze , Xiuwen Liu

With the aim of building machine learning systems that incorporate standards of fairness and accountability, we explore explicit subgroup sample complexity bounds. The work is motivated by the observation that classifier predictions for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Ananth Balashankar , Alyssa Lees