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We investigate baroclinic instability in flow conditions relevant to hot extrasolar planets. The instability is important for transporting and mixing heat, as well as for influencing large-scale variability on the planets. Both linear…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Inna Polichtchouk , James Y-K. Cho

Physical experiments show that a capillary water jet is exponentially unstable under long wave perturbations, while remaining stable under short wave perturbations. Measurements indicate that the exponential growth rate in the long wave…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Chengyang Shao , Haocheng Yang

A wave equation for a time-dependent perturbation about the steady shallow-water solution emulates the metric an acoustic white hole, even upon the incorporation of nonlinearity in the lowest order. A standing wave in the sub-critical…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Arnab K. Ray , J. K. Bhattacharjee

We study the modulational instability of geophysical Rossby and plasma drift waves within the Charney-Hasegawa-Mima (CHM) model both theoretically, using truncated (four-mode and three-mode) models, and numerically, using direct simulations…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2011-05-24 Colm Connaughton , Balu Nadiga , Sergey Nazarenko , Brenda Quinn

Baroclinic instability is a fundamental mechanism driving atmospheric dynamics. In this work, we revisit Pedlosky's two-layer model for finite amplitude baroclinic waves - a seminal framework for studying the unstable growth of finite…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Nicolas De Ro , Jonathan Demaeyer , Stéphane Vannitsem

A detailed study of the Charney-Hasegawa-Mima model and its extensions is presented. These simple nonlinear partial differential equations suggested for both Rossby waves in the atmosphere and also drift waves in a magnetically-confined…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-01-20 Colm Connaughton , Sergey Nazarenko , Brenda Quinn

Results from the laboratory experiments on the evolution of baroclinically unstable flows generated in a rotating tank with topographic beta-effect are presented. We study zonal jets of alternating direction which occur in these flows. The…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-29 A. M. Matulka , Y. D. Afanasyev

The baroclinic instability problem is considered in the framework of Laplacian tidal theory. The Hilbert space of the quasigeostrophic vorticity budget is spanned by spheroidal functions. The fluid is linearly stable against…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Detlev Mueller

We study a viscous two-layer quasi-geostrophic beta-plane model that is forced by imposition of a spatially uniform vertical shear in the eastward (zonal) component of the layer flows, or equivalently a spatially uniform north-south…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Aseel Farhat , R. Lee Panetta , Edriss S. Titi , Mohammed Ziane

We review the geometric structure of the IL$^0$PE model, a rotating shallow-water model with variable buoyancy, thus sometimes called ``thermal'' shallow-water model. We start by discussing the Euler--Poincar\'e equations for rigid body…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2021-06-16 F. J. Beron-Vera

We formulate a model of the two-way interactions between surface gravity waves and ocean currents. The model couples the transport of wave action in the four-dimensional (horizontal) position--wavevector phase space with the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Jacques Vanneste , William R. Young

We investigate the non-linear equilibration of a two-layer quasi-geostrophic flow in a channel forced by an imposed unstable zonal mean flow, paying particular attention to the role of bottom friction. In the limit of low bottom friction,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-22 Antoine Venaille , Louis-Philippe Nadeau , Geoffrey K. Vallis

This paper investigates the nonlinear stability of Taylor-Couette (TC) flows incorporating the thermal buoyancy within an annular domain characterized by small viscosity $\nu$ and thermal diffusivity $\mu$. It is well established that the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Yeping Li , Gaofeng Wang , Tianfang Wu

We present a geometric derivation of the quasi-geostrophic equations on the sphere, starting from the rotating shallow water equations. We utilise perturbation series methods in vorticity and divergence variables. The derivation employs…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-28 Erwin Luesink , Arnout Franken , Sagy Ephrati , Bernard Geurts

Quasigeostrophic flows are induced by spatial variations in interior potential vorticity and boundary buoyancy. We begin by developing the geostrophic turbulence theory of boundary buoyancy anomalies in a fluid with vanishing potential…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-07-21 Houssam Yassin

We study the stability of density stratified flow between co-rotating vertical cylinders with rotation rates $\Omega_o < \Omega_i$ and radius ratio $r_i/r_o=0.877$, where subscripts $o$ and $i$ refer to the outer and inner cylinders. Just…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-04-12 Ruy Ibanez , Harry L. Swinney , Bruce Rodenborn

A scaling argument is presented that leads to a shallow water theory of non-axisymmetric disturbances in annular sections of thin Keplerian disks. To develop a theoretical construction that will aid in physically understanding the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 O. M. Umurhan

Poincar\'e-gravity modes described by the shallow water equations in a rotating frame have non-trivial topology, providing a new perspective on the origin of equatorially trapped Kelvin and Yanai waves. We investigate the topology of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-09-25 Ziyan Zhu , Christopher Li , J. B. Marston

We study the development of mean structures in a nonlinear model of large scale ocean dynamics with bottom topography and dissipation, and forced with a noise term. We show that the presence of noise in this nonlinear model leads to…

chao-dyn · Physics 2015-06-24 Alberto Alvarez , Emilio Hernandez-Garcia , Joaquin Tintore

In this work, we consider a Shallow-Water Quasi Geostrophic equation on the sphere, as a model for global large-scale atmospheric dynamics. This equation, previously studied by Verkley (2009) and Schubert et al. (2009), possesses a rich…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-05-02 Arnout Franken , Martino Caliaro , Paolo Cifani , Bernard Geurts