English
Related papers

Related papers: Doubly robust causal inference through penalized b…

200 papers

Motivated by conflicting conclusions regarding hydrocortisone's treatment effect on ICU patients with vasopressor-dependent septic shock, we developed a novel instrumental variable (IV) estimator to assess the average treatment effect (ATE)…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-18 Runjia Li , Victor B. Talisa , Chung-Chou H. Chang

In this paper, we propose a robust method to estimate the average treatment effects in observational studies when the number of potential confounders is possibly much greater than the sample size. We first use a class of penalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-21 Yang Ning , Sida Peng , Kosuke Imai

Post-click conversion, as a strong signal indicating the user preference, is salutary for building recommender systems. However, accurately estimating the post-click conversion rate (CVR) is challenging due to the selection bias, i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Siyuan Guo , Lixin Zou , Yiding Liu , Wenwen Ye , Suqi Cheng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Hechang Chen , Dawei Yin , Yi Chang

We develop new methods to integrate experimental and observational data in causal inference. While randomized controlled trials offer strong internal validity, they are often costly and therefore limited in sample size. Observational data,…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-04 Xuelin Yang , Licong Lin , Susan Athey , Michael I. Jordan , Guido W. Imbens

In recent years, precision treatment strategy have gained significant attention in medical research, particularly for patient care. We propose a novel framework for estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATE) in time-to-event…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-29 Runjia Li , Victor B. Talisa , Chung-Chou H. Chang

Electronic Health Records (EHR) data analysis plays a crucial role in healthcare system quality. Because of its highly complex underlying causality and limited observable nature, causal inference on EHR is quite challenging. Deep Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Jia Li , Haoyu Yang , Xiaowei Jia , Vipin Kumar , Michael Steinbach , Gyorgy Simon

When studying treatment effects in multilevel studies, investigators commonly use (semi-)parametric estimators, which make strong parametric assumptions about the outcome, the treatment, and/or the correlation structure between study units…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-12 Chan Park , Hyunseung Kang

There has been growing attention on how to effectively and objectively use covariate information when the primary goal is to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In this paper, we propose an…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-01 Yuanyao Tan , Xialing Wen , Wei Liang , Ying Yan

In observational studies, adjusting for confounders is required if a treatment comparison is planned. A crude comparison of the primary endpoint without covariate adjustment will suffer from biases, and the addition of regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-11 Shiyu Shu , Toshimitsu Hamasaki , Scott Evans , Lauren Komarow , David van Duin , Guoqing Diao

Externally controlled single-arm trials are critical to assess treatment efficacy across therapeutic indications for which randomized controlled trials are not feasible. A closely-related research design, the unanchored indirect treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-13 Harlan Campbell , Antonio Remiro-Azócar

Consider the problem of estimating average treatment effects when a large number of covariates are used to adjust for possible confounding through outcome regression and propensity score models. The conventional approach of model building…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Zhiqiang Tan

Doubly robust estimators have gained popularity in the field of causal inference due to their ability to provide consistent point estimates when either an outcome or exposure model is correctly specified. However, for nonrandomized…

A notable challenge of leveraging Electronic Health Records (EHR) for treatment effect assessment is the lack of precise information on important clinical variables, including the treatment received and the response. Both treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-26 Jue Hou , Rajarshi Mukherjee , Tianxi Cai

Micro-randomized trials (MRTs) are increasingly utilized for optimizing mobile health interventions, with the causal excursion effect (CEE) as a central quantity for evaluating interventions under policies that deviate from the experimental…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-19 Jiaxin Yu , Tianchen Qian

Hazard ratios are frequently reported in time-to-event and epidemiological studies to assess treatment effects. In observational studies, the combination of propensity score weights with the Cox proportional hazards model facilitates the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-14 Guilherme W. F. Barros , Jenny Häggström

There is a dearth of robust methods to estimate the causal effects of multiple treatments when the outcome is binary. This paper uses two unique sets of simulations to propose and evaluate the use of Bayesian Additive Regression Trees…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-22 Liangyuan Hu , Chenyang Gu , Michael Lopez , Jiayi Ji , Juan Wisnivesky

This paper presents an inference method for the local average treatment effect (LATE) in the presence of high-dimensional covariates, regardless of the strength of identification. We propose an orthogonalized Anderson-Rubin test statistic…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-11 Yukun Ma

Many empirical applications estimate causal effects of a continuous endogenous variable (treatment) using a binary instrument. Estimation is typically done through linear 2SLS. This approach requires a mean treatment change and causal…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-02-28 Yingying Dong , Ying-Ying Lee

Valid estimation of treatment effects from observational data requires proper control of confounding. If the number of covariates is large relative to the number of observations, then controlling for all available covariates is infeasible.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-11 Joseph Antonelli , Matthew Cefalu , Nathan Palmer , Denis Agniel

Integrating probability and non-probability samples is increasingly important, yet unknown sampling mechanisms in non-probability sources complicate identification and efficient estimation. We develop semiparametric theory for dual-frame…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-14 Kosuke Morikawa , Jae Kwang Kim