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The spin distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) contains rich information on the MBH growth history. In this paper, we investigate the spin evolution of MBHs by assuming that each MBH experiences two-phase accretion, with an initial…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-20 Xiaoxia Zhang , Youjun Lu

The growth of supermassive black holes (BHs) located at the centers of their host galaxies comes mainly from accretion of gas, but how to fuel them remains an outstanding unsolved problem in quasar evolution. This issue can be elucidated by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-01-15 J. -M. Wang , C. Hu , Y. -R. Li , Y. -M. Chen , A. R. King , A. Marconi , L. C. Ho , C. -S. Yan , R. Staubert , S. Zhang

Using recent results from numerical relativity simulations of black hole mergers, we revisit previous studies of cosmological black hole spin evolution. We show that mergers are very unlikely to yield large spins, unless alignment of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Emanuele Berti , Marta Volonteri

We study the expected distribution of massive black hole (MBH) spins and its evolution with cosmic time in the context of hierarchical galaxy formation theories. Our model uses Monte Carlo realizations of the merger hierarchy in a LCDM…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Marta Volonteri , Piero Madau , Eliot Quataert , Martin Rees

Accreting black holes (BHs) produce intense radiation and powerful relativistic jets, which are affected by the BH's spin magnitude and direction. While thin disks might align with the BH spin axis via the Bardeen-Petterson effect, this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-19 Jonathan C. McKinney , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Roger D. Blandford

Both theoretical models and observational evidence indicate that jets and/or outflows driven by central active supermassive black holes exert a significant feedback effect on the overall properties of their host galaxies. Theoretical models…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-06 Yongyun Chen , Qiusheng Gu , Junhui Fan , Xiaotong Guo , Xiaoling Yu , Nan Ding , Dingrong Xiong

The theoretical model suggests that relativistic jets of AGN rely on the black hole spin and/or accretion. We study the relationship between jet, accretion, and spin using supermassive black hole samples with reliable spin of black holes.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-11 Yongyun Chen , Qiusheng Gu , Jianghe Yang , Junhui Fan , Xiaoling Yu , Dingrong Xiong , Nan Ding , Xiaotong Guo

We use results from simulations of the production of magnetohydrodynamic jets around black holes to derive the cosmic spin history of the most massive black holes. We assume that the efficiency of jet production is a monotonic function of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Alejo Martinez-Sansigre , Steve Rawlings

Massive black holes in galactic nuclei vary their mass M and spin vector J due to accretion. In this study we relax, for the first time, the assumption that accretion can be either chaotic, i.e. when the accretion episodes are randomly and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 M. Dotti , M. Colpi , S. Pallini , A. Perego , M. Volonteri

Massive black hole (MBH) binary inspiral time scales are uncertain, and their spins are even more poorly constrained. Spin misalignment, along with unequal mass ratios and spin magnitudes, introduces asymmetry in the gravitational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-21 Mohammad Sayeb , Laura Blecha , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Davide Gerosa , Michael Kesden , July Thomas

Using the semi-analytic model Serotina, we investigate the cosmic spin evolution of supermassive black holes incorporating recent results from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of spin-down from relativistic jets. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-11 Angelo Ricarte , Priyamvada Natarajan , Ramesh Narayan , Daniel C. M. Palumbo

The spin distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) contains rich information on their assembly history. However, only limited information can be extracted from currently available spin measurements of MBHs owing to the small sample size…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-19 Xiaoxia Zhang , Youjun Lu , Dandan Wang , Taotao Fang

Black holes across a broad range of masses play a key role in the evolution of galaxies. The initial seeds of black holes formed at $z \sim 30$ and grew over cosmic time by gas accretion and mergers. Using observational data for quasars and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-03 Fabio Pacucci , Abraham Loeb

Magnetic fields regulate black hole (BH) accretion, governing both inflow and outflow dynamics. When a BH accumulates substantial vertical magnetic flux, it enters the magnetically arrested disk (MAD) state, where dynamically important…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-18 Koushik Chatterjee , Nicholas Kaaz , Matthew Liska , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Sera Markoff

In this work, we use general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations to explore the effect of spin orientation on the dynamics of gas in the vicinity of merging black holes. We present a suite of eight simulations of unequal-mass,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-13 Federico Cattorini , Bruno Giacomazzo , Monica Colpi , Francesco Haardt

A new scenario is suggested to explain a large diversity of the AGN radio properties and their dependence on the galaxy morphology. The scenario is based on the assumption that the growth of supermassive BHs is dominated by the accretion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Sikora

The existence of $\gtrsim10^9M_\odot$ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at redshift $z>6$ raises the problem of how such SMBHs can grow up within the cosmic time ($<1$\,Gyr) from small seed BHs. In this letter, we use the observations of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Xiaoxia Zhang , Youjun Lu , Taotao Fang

We present the results of a semianalytical model that evolves the masses and spins of massive black holes together with the properties of their host galaxies along the cosmic history. As a consistency check, our model broadly reproduces a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-15 Alberto Sesana , Enrico Barausse , Massimo Dotti , Elena Maria Rossi

Massive black holes (MBHs) in contrast to stellar mass black holes are expected to substantially change their properties over their lifetime. MBH masses increase by several order of magnitude over the Hubble time, as illustrated by Soltan's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Marta Volonteri , Marek Sikora , Jean-Pierre Lasota , Andrea Merloni

We discuss the timescales for alignment of black hole and accretion disc spins in the context of binary systems. We show that for black holes that are formed with substantial angular momentum, the alignment timescales are likely to be at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thomas J. Maccarone
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