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Allergens, typically proteins capable of triggering adverse immune responses, represent a significant public health challenge. To accurately identify allergen proteins, we introduce Applm (Allergen Prediction with Protein Language Models),…

We explore optimally training protein language models, an area of significant interest in biological research where guidance on best practices is limited. Most models are trained with extensive compute resources until performance gains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingyi Cheng , Bo Chen , Pan Li , Jing Gong , Jie Tang , Le Song

Large language models (LLMs) can capture rich representations of concepts that are useful for real-world tasks. However, language alone is limited. While existing LLMs excel at text-based inferences, health applications require that models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Xin Liu , Daniel McDuff , Geza Kovacs , Isaac Galatzer-Levy , Jacob Sunshine , Jiening Zhan , Ming-Zher Poh , Shun Liao , Paolo Di Achille , Shwetak Patel

Large Language Models (LLM) have made significant advances in the recent past becoming more mainstream in Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled human-facing applications. However, LLMs often generate stereotypical output inherited from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Wu Zekun , Sahan Bulathwela , Adriano Soares Koshiyama

Retrosynthesis analysis is pivotal yet challenging in drug discovery and organic chemistry. Despite the proliferation of computational tools over the past decade, AI-based systems often fall short in generalizing across diverse reaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yifei Yang , Runhan Shi , Zuchao Li , Shu Jiang , Bao-Liang Lu , Yang Yang , Hai Zhao

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have presented new opportunities for integrating Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) into biological research and education. This study evaluated the capabilities of leading LLMs, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Xinyu Gong , Jason Holmes , Yiwei Li , Zhengliang Liu , Qi Gan , Zihao Wu , Jianli Zhang , Yusong Zou , Yuxi Teng , Tian Jiang , Hongtu Zhu , Wei Liu , Tianming Liu , Yajun Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revo lutionized natural language processing Natural Language Processing (NLP), with Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) standing out as a notable exampledue to its advanced capabilities and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Azim Akhtarshenas , Afshin Dini , Navid Ayoobi

Mental health is a critical issue in modern society, and mental disorders could sometimes turn to suicidal ideation without adequate treatment. Early detection of mental disorders and suicidal ideation from social content provides a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Shaoxiong Ji , Tianlin Zhang , Luna Ansari , Jie Fu , Prayag Tiwari , Erik Cambria

The accurate prediction of antigen-antibody structures is essential for advancing immunology and therapeutic development, as it helps elucidate molecular interactions that underlie immune responses. Despite recent progress with deep…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-16 Jie Gao , Jing Hu , Lihang Liu , Yang Xue , Kunrui Zhu , Xiaonan Zhang , Xiaomin Fang

The success of therapeutic antibodies relies on their ability to selectively bind antigens. AI-based antibody design protocols have shown promise in generating epitope-specific designs. Many of these protocols use an inverse folding step to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-12 Divya Nori , Simon V. Mathis , Amir Shanehsazzadeh

Healthcare systems around the world are grappling with issues like inefficient diagnostics, rising costs, and limited access to specialists. These problems often lead to delays in treatment and poor health outcomes. Most current AI and deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Maliha Tabassum , M Shamim Kaiser

Large Language Models (LLM) continue to demonstrate their utility in a variety of emergent capabilities in different fields. An area that could benefit from effective language understanding in cybersecurity is the analysis of log files.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Egil Karlsen , Xiao Luo , Nur Zincir-Heywood , Malcolm Heywood

Understanding the binding specificity between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) is central to immunotherapy and vaccine development. However, current predictive models struggle with…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-29 Cong Qi , Hanzhang Fang , Siqi jiang , Tianxing Hu , Zhi Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen significant use in domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. Going beyond text, image and graphics, LLMs present a significant potential for analysis of time series data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Xiyuan Zhang , Ranak Roy Chowdhury , Rajesh K. Gupta , Jingbo Shang

Training state-of-the-art large language models requires vast amounts of clean and diverse textual data. However, building suitable multilingual datasets remains a challenge. In this work, we present HPLT v2, a collection of high-quality…

In the context of the rapid development of large language models, we have meticulously trained and introduced the GujiBERT and GujiGPT language models, which are foundational models specifically designed for intelligent information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Dongbo Wang , Chang Liu , Zhixiao Zhao , Si Shen , Liu Liu , Bin Li , Haotian Hu , Mengcheng Wu , Litao Lin , Xue Zhao , Xiyu Wang

Language models, especially transformer-based ones, have achieved colossal success in NLP. To be precise, studies like BERT for NLU and works like GPT-3 for NLG are very important. If we consider DNA sequences as a text written with an…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Musa Nuri Ihtiyar , Arzucan Ozgur

The ability to transmit and receive complex information via language is unique to humans and is the basis of traditions, culture and versatile social interactions. Through the disruptive introduction of transformer based large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Patrick Krauss , Jannik Hösch , Claus Metzner , Andreas Maier , Peter Uhrig , Achim Schilling

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous across various domains, transforming the way we interact with information and conduct research. However, most high-performing LLMs remain confined behind proprietary walls, hindering…

Large language models have exhibited exceptional performance on various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, leveraging techniques such as the pre-training, and instruction fine-tuning. Despite these advances, their effectiveness in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Guangyu Wang , Guoxing Yang , Zongxin Du , Longjun Fan , Xiaohu Li