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Fine-tuning pre-trained language models improves the quality of commercial reply suggestion systems, but at the cost of unsustainable training times. Popular training time reduction approaches are resource intensive, thus we explore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Vaishnavi Shrivastava , Radhika Gaonkar , Shashank Gupta , Abhishek Jha

Leveraging large language models (LLMs) for complex natural language tasks typically requires long-form prompts to convey detailed requirements and information, which results in increased memory usage and inference costs. To mitigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zongqian Li , Yinhong Liu , Yixuan Su , Nigel Collier

The internal structure and operation mechanism of large-scale language models are analyzed theoretically, especially how Transformer and its derivative architectures can restrict computing efficiency while capturing long-term dependencies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Taiyuan Mei , Yun Zi , Xiaohan Cheng , Zijun Gao , Qi Wang , Haowei Yang

Model compression is generally performed by using quantization, low-rank approximation or pruning, for which various algorithms have been researched in recent years. One fundamental question is: what types of compression work better for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Yerlan Idelbayev

Improvements in language model capabilities are often attributed to increasing model size or training data, but in some cases smaller models trained on curated data or with different architectural decisions can outperform larger ones…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

Since hardware resources are limited, the objective of training deep learning models is typically to maximize accuracy subject to the time and memory constraints of training and inference. We study the impact of model size in this setting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Zhuohan Li , Eric Wallace , Sheng Shen , Kevin Lin , Kurt Keutzer , Dan Klein , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Large language models (LLMs) offer powerful capabilities but incur substantial computational costs, driving the need for efficient compression techniques. This study evaluates the impact of popular compression methods - Magnitude Pruning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Bishwash Khanal , Jeffery M. Capone

Transformer-based language models have become a key building block for natural language processing. While these models are extremely accurate, they can be too large and computationally intensive to run on standard deployments. A variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Eldar Kurtic , Daniel Campos , Tuan Nguyen , Elias Frantar , Mark Kurtz , Benjamin Fineran , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

Transformer plays a vital role in the realms of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), specially for constructing large language models (LLM) and large vision models (LVM). Model compression methods reduce the memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang , Jianyuan Guo , Zhijun Tu , Kai Han , Hailin Hu , Dacheng Tao

Real-world business applications require a trade-off between language model performance and size. We propose a new method for model compression that relies on vocabulary transfer. We evaluate the method on various vertical domains and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Leonidas Gee , Andrea Zugarini , Leonardo Rigutini , Paolo Torroni

We conceptualize the process of understanding as information compression, and propose a method for ranking large language models (LLMs) based on lossless data compression. We demonstrate the equivalence of compression length under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Peijia Guo , Ziguang Li , Haibo Hu , Chao Huang , Ming Li , Rui Zhang

Transformer-based language models are applied to a wide range of applications in natural language processing. However, they are inefficient and difficult to deploy. In recent years, many compression algorithms have been proposed to increase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Ofir Zafrir , Ariel Larey , Guy Boudoukh , Haihao Shen , Moshe Wasserblat

In this report, we investigate the potential use of large language models (LLM's) in the task of data compression. Previous works have demonstrated promising results in applying LLM's towards compressing not only text, but also a wide range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Chen-Han Tsai

With time, machine learning models have increased in their scope, functionality and size. Consequently, the increased functionality and size of such models requires high-end hardware to both train and provide inference after the fact. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Arhum Ishtiaq , Sara Mahmood , Maheen Anees , Neha Mumtaz

Pretrained language models like BERT have achieved good results on NLP tasks, but are impractical on resource-limited devices due to memory footprint. A large fraction of this footprint comes from the input embeddings with large input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Sanqiang Zhao , Raghav Gupta , Yang Song , Denny Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance through ever-increasing parameter counts, but scaling incurs steep computational costs. To better understand LLM scaling, we study representational differences between LLMs and…

The excellent performance of deep neural networks is usually accompanied by a large number of parameters and computations, which have limited their usage on the resource-limited edge devices. To address this issue, abundant methods such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Muzhou Yu , Linfeng Zhang , Kaisheng Ma

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have been successful for a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The state-of-the-art of PLMs, however, are extremely large to be used on edge devices. As a result, the topic of model…