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Recent attacks have shown that user data can be recovered from FedSGD updates, thus breaking privacy. However, these attacks are of limited practical relevance as federated learning typically uses the FedAvg algorithm. Compared to FedSGD,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Mislav Balunović , Nikola Konstantinov , Martin Vechev

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global machine learning model via a server without sharing their private training data. In traditional FL, the system follows a synchronous approach, where the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Anjun Gao , Feng Wang , Zhenglin Wan , Yueyang Quan , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

Federated learning (FL) is a framework for users to jointly train a machine learning model. FL is promoted as a privacy-enhancing technology (PET) that provides data minimization: data never "leaves" personal devices and users share only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic , Roei Schuster , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Ilia Shumailov , Nicolas Papernot

Federated Learning (FL) is the standard protocol for collaborative learning. In FL, multiple workers jointly train a shared model. They exchange model updates calculated on their data, while keeping the raw data itself local. Since workers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Shahrzad Kiani , Franziska Boenisch , Stark C. Draper

Federated Learning (FL) is gaining popularity as a distributed learning framework that only shares model parameters or gradient updates and keeps private data locally. However, FL is at risk of privacy leakage caused by privacy inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Kangyang Luo , Shuai Wang , Xiang Li , Yunshi Lan , Ming Gao , Jinlong Shu

In decentralized federated learning (FL), multiple clients collaboratively learn a shared machine learning (ML) model by leveraging their privately held datasets distributed across the network, through interactive exchange of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiang Zhang , Zhou Li , Shuangyang Li , Kai Wan , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Giuseppe Caire

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, making it a promising approach for privacy-preserving machine learning in domains like Connected and Autonomous Vehicles…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Muhammad Ali Najjar , Ren-Yi Huang , Dumindu Samaraweera , Prashant Shekhar

Prompt injection attacks are an emerging threat to large language models (LLMs), enabling malicious users to manipulate outputs through carefully designed inputs. Existing detection approaches often require centralizing prompt data,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hasini Jayathilaka

Federated Learning (FL) is a widely adopted privacy-preserving machine learning approach where private data remains local, enabling secure computations and the exchange of local model gradients between local clients and third-party…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

Private data, being larger and quality-higher than public data, can greatly improve large language models (LLM). However, due to privacy concerns, this data is often dispersed in multiple silos, making its secure utilization for LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 JiaYing Zheng , HaiNan Zhang , LingXiang Wang , WangJie Qiu , HongWei Zheng , ZhiMing Zheng

With the growing popularity of LLMs among the general public users, privacy-preserving and adversarial robustness have become two pressing demands for LLM-based services, which have largely been pursued separately but rarely jointly. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jiawen Zhang , Kejia Chen , Zunlei Feng , Jian Lou , Mingli Song , Jian Liu , Xiaohu Yang

Privacy regulation laws, such as GDPR, impose transparency and security as design pillars for data processing algorithms. In this context, federated learning is one of the most influential frameworks for privacy-preserving distributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Eugenio Lomurno , Alberto Archetti , Lorenzo Cazzella , Stefano Samele , Leonardo Di Perna , Matteo Matteucci

Motivated by the increasing demand for data security in decentralized federated learning (FL) and stochastic optimization, we formulate and investigate the problem of information-theoretic \emph{decentralized secure aggregation} (DSA).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiang Zhang , Zhou Li , Shuangyang Li , Kai Wan , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Giuseppe Caire

Privacy-preserving federated learning enables a population of distributed clients to jointly learn a shared model while keeping client training data private, even from an untrusted server. Prior works do not provide efficient solutions that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 David Byrd , Vaikkunth Mugunthan , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Tucker Hybinette Balch

Data aggregation has been widely implemented as an infrastructure of data-driven systems. However, a centralized data aggregation model requires a set of strong trust assumptions to ensure security and privacy. In recent years,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yepeng Ding , Hiroyuki Sato , Maro G. Machizawa

Recent advances in differentially private federated learning (DPFL) algorithms have found that using correlated noise across the rounds of federated learning (DP-FTRL) yields provably and empirically better accuracy than using independent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Marshall Ball , James Bell-Clark , Adria Gascon , Peter Kairouz , Sewoong Oh , Zhiye Xie

To prevent private training data leakage in Fed?erated Learning systems, we propose a novel se?cure aggregation scheme based on seed homomor?phic pseudo-random generator (SHPRG), named SASH. SASH leverages the homomorphic property of SHPRG…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Zizhen Liu , Si Chen , Jing Ye , Junfeng Fan , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Federated learning has quickly gained popularity with its promises of increased user privacy and efficiency. Previous works have shown that federated gradient updates contain information that can be used to approximately recover user data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Liam Fowl , Jonas Geiping , Wojtek Czaja , Micah Goldblum , Tom Goldstein

Federated Learning (FL) is emerging as a promising paradigm of privacy-preserving machine learning, which trains an algorithm across multiple clients without exchanging their data samples. Recent works highlighted several privacy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yaowei Han , Yang Cao , Masatoshi Yoshikawa

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm enabling multiple clients to train a global model collaboratively without sharing their raw data. While FL enhances data privacy by design, it remains vulnerable…