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The Transformer architecture has become a cornerstone of modern artificial intelligence, but its core self-attention mechanism suffers from a complexity bottleneck that scales quadratically with sequence length, severely limiting its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhongpan Tang

The self-attention mechanism, a cornerstone of Transformer-based state-of-the-art deep learning architectures, is largely heuristic-driven and fundamentally challenging to interpret. Establishing a robust theoretical foundation to explain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Maksim Tkachenko , Tan M. Nguyen

Transformer-based models are unable to process long sequences due to their self-attention operation, which scales quadratically with the sequence length. To address this limitation, we introduce the Longformer with an attention mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Iz Beltagy , Matthew E. Peters , Arman Cohan

Recently, transformers have demonstrated great potential for modeling long-term dependencies from skeleton sequences and thereby gained ever-increasing attention in skeleton action recognition. However, the existing transformer-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Wenhan Wu , Ce Zheng , Zihao Yang , Chen Chen , Srijan Das , Aidong Lu

Transformers have recently gained attention in the computer vision domain due to their ability to model long-range dependencies. However, the self-attention mechanism, which is the core part of the Transformer model, usually suffers from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Reza Azad , René Arimond , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Dorit Merhof

The Transformer-based model have made significant strides in semantic matching tasks by capturing connections between phrase pairs. However, to assess the relevance of sentence pairs, it is insufficient to just examine the general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Bo Li , Di Liang , Zixin Zhang

Recent advancements in attention mechanisms have replaced recurrent neural networks and its variants for machine translation tasks. Transformer using attention mechanism solely achieved state-of-the-art results in sequence modeling. Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Prakhar Thapak , Prodip Hore

Transformers have proven highly effective across modalities, but standard softmax attention scales quadratically with sequence length, limiting long context modeling. Linear attention mitigates this by approximating attention with kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ashkan Shahbazi , Chayne Thrash , Yikun Bai , Keaton Hamm , Navid NaderiAlizadeh , Soheil Kolouri

Despite the Transformer's dominance across machine learning, its architecture remains largely heuristic and lacks a unified theoretical foundation. We introduce Score-based Variational Flow (SVFlow), a continuous-time dynamical system for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Huadong Liao

While self-attention has been instrumental in the success of Transformers, it can lead to over-concentration on a few tokens during training, resulting in suboptimal information flow. Enforcing doubly-stochastic constraints in attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ashkan Shahbazi , Elaheh Akbari , Darian Salehi , Xinran Liu , Navid Naderializadeh , Soheil Kolouri

While there have been significant advances in de-tecting emotions in text, in the field of utter-ance-level emotion recognition (ULER), there are still many problems to be solved. In this paper, we address some challenges in ULER in dialog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-19 QingBiao Li , ChunHua Wu , KangFeng Zheng , Zhe Wang

Encoder-decoder models have become an effective approach for sequence learning tasks like machine translation, image captioning and speech recognition, but have yet to show competitive results for handwritten text recognition. To this end,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Johannes Michael , Roger Labahn , Tobias Grüning , Jochen Zöllner

Most existing transformer based video instance segmentation methods extract per frame features independently, hence it is challenging to solve the appearance deformation problem. In this paper, we observe the temporal information is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Zhenghao Zhang , Fangtao Shao , Zuozhuo Dai , Siyu Zhu

Human action recognition has recently become one of the popular research topics in the computer vision community. Various 3D-CNN based methods have been presented to tackle both the spatial and temporal dimensions in the task of video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Thanh-Dat Truong , Quoc-Huy Bui , Chi Nhan Duong , Han-Seok Seo , Son Lam Phung , Xin Li , Khoa Luu

Recently, a considerable number of studies in computer vision involves deep neural architectures called vision transformers. Visual processing in these models incorporates computational models that are claimed to implement attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Paria Mehrani , John K. Tsotsos

Time-series forecasting plays an important role in many real-world scenarios, such as equipment life cycle forecasting, weather forecasting, and traffic flow forecasting. It can be observed from recent research that a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Benhan Li , Shengdong Du , Tianrui Li , Jie Hu , Zhen Jia

Transformer-based models have been achieving state-of-the-art results in several fields of Natural Language Processing. However, its direct application to speech tasks is not trivial. The nature of this sequences carries problems such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gerard Sant , Gerard I. Gállego , Belen Alastruey , Marta R. Costa-Jussà

Linearization of attention using various kernel approximation and kernel learning techniques has shown promise. Past methods used a subset of combinations of component functions and weight matrices within the random feature paradigm. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Duke Nguyen , Du Yin , Aditya Joshi , Flora Salim

Transformer-based models have brought a radical change to neural machine translation. A key feature of the Transformer architecture is the so-called multi-head attention mechanism, which allows the model to focus simultaneously on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Alessandro Raganato , Yves Scherrer , Jörg Tiedemann

Egocentric temporal action segmentation in videos is a crucial task in computer vision with applications in various fields such as mixed reality, human behavior analysis, and robotics. Although recent research has utilized advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Sakib Reza , Balaji Sundareshan , Mohsen Moghaddam , Octavia Camps