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Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks. However, the complexity of agentic behaviors makes these systems difficult to understand. When failures occur,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Rui Sheng , Yukun Yang , Chuhan Shi , Yanna Lin , Zixin Chen , Huamin Qu , Furui Cheng

Based on their superior comprehension and reasoning capabilities, Large Language Model (LLM) driven agent frameworks have achieved significant success in numerous complex reasoning tasks. ReAct-like agents can solve various intricate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Guozhi Yuan , Youfeng Liu , Jingli Yang , Wei Jia , Kai Lin , Yansong Gao , Shan He , Zilin Ding , Haitao Li

With recent advancements in natural language processing, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for various real-world applications. Despite their prowess, the intrinsic generative abilities of LLMs may prove…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jingqing Ruan , Yihong Chen , Bin Zhang , Zhiwei Xu , Tianpeng Bao , Guoqing Du , Shiwei Shi , Hangyu Mao , Ziyue Li , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has inspired the development of LLM-based agents capable of addressing complex, real-world tasks. However, these agents often struggle during task execution due to methodological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yaoxiang Wang , Zhiyong Wu , Junfeng Yao , Jinsong Su

Automated planning is concerned with developing efficient algorithms to generate plans or sequences of actions to achieve a specific goal in a given environment. Emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) can answer questions, write high-quality…

Using large language models (LLMs) to solve complex robotics problems requires understanding their planning capabilities. Yet while we know that LLMs can plan on some problems, the extent to which these planning capabilities cover the space…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jorge Mendez-Mendez

Large-scale task planning is a major challenge. Recent work exploits large language models (LLMs) directly as a policy and shows surprisingly interesting results. This paper shows that LLMs provide a commonsense model of the world in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zirui Zhao , Wee Sun Lee , David Hsu

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow user instructions has been shown to supply the LLM with ample capacity to converse fluently while being aligned with humans. Yet, it is not completely clear how an LLM can lead a plan-grounded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Diogo Glória-Silva , Rafael Ferreira , Diogo Tavares , David Semedo , João Magalhães

This study focuses on using large language models (LLMs) as a planner for embodied agents that can follow natural language instructions to complete complex tasks in a visually-perceived environment. The high data cost and poor sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Chan Hee Song , Jiaman Wu , Clayton Washington , Brian M. Sadler , Wei-Lun Chao , Yu Su

The Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) is the state-of-the-art language for specifying planning problems in artificial intelligence research. Writing and maintaining these planning problems, however, can be time-consuming and error…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Volker Strobel , Alexandra Kirsch

Many automated planning methods and formulations rely on suitably designed abstractions or simplifications of the constrained dynamics associated with agents to attain computational scalability. We consider formulations of temporal planning…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Miquel Ramirez , Anubhav Singh , Peter Stuckey , Chris Manzie

The inherent probabilistic nature of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces an element of unpredictability, raising concerns about potential discrepancies in their output. This paper introduces an innovative approach aims to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Md Sadman Sakib , Yu Sun

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in decision-making tasks, but struggle significantly with complex, long-horizon planning scenarios. This arises from their lack of macroscopic guidance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Ziyue Li , Yuan Chang , Gaihong Yu , Xiaoqiu Le

LLMs have shown promising results in task planning due to their strong natural language understanding and reasoning capabilities. However, issues such as hallucinations, ambiguities in human instructions, environmental constraints, and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential for many mathematical problems. However, their performance on graph algorithmic tasks is still unsatisfying, since graphs are naturally more complex in topology and often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Wenjin Li , Jiaming Cui

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive ability in code generation, they are still struggling to address the complicated intent provided by humans. It is widely acknowledged that humans typically employ planning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Lecheng Wang , Zheng Fang , Qiwei Shang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao

This paper presents a novel framework, called PLANTOR (PLanning with Natural language for Task-Oriented Robots), that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Prolog-based knowledge management and planning for multi-robot tasks. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Enrico Saccon , Ahmet Tikna , Davide De Martini , Edoardo Lamon , Luigi Palopoli , Marco Roveri

While test-time reasoning enables language models (LMs) to tackle complex tasks, searching or planning in natural language can be slow, costly, and error-prone. But even when LMs struggle to emulate the precise reasoning steps needed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gabriel Grand , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Vikash K. Mansinghka , Alexander K. Lew , Jacob Andreas

This paper studies close-loop task planning, which refers to the process of generating a sequence of skills (a plan) to accomplish a specific goal while adapting the plan based on real-time observations. Recently, prompting Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Mengkang Hu , Yao Mu , Xinmiao Yu , Mingyu Ding , Shiguang Wu , Wenqi Shao , Qiguang Chen , Bin Wang , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Structured Complex Task Decomposition (SCTD) is the problem of breaking down a complex real-world task (such as planning a wedding) into a directed acyclic graph over individual steps that contribute to achieving the task, with edges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Quan Yuan , Mehran Kazemi , Xin Xu , Isaac Noble , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Deepak Ramachandran
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