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We present a model-based globally convergent policy gradient method (PGM) for linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control. Firstly, we establish equivalence between optimizing dynamic output feedback controllers and designing a static feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Tomonori Sadamoto , Fumiya Nakamata

We study the policy gradient method (PGM) for the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) dynamic output-feedback control problem using an input-output-history (IOH) representation of the closed-loop system. First, we show that any dynamic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Tomonori Sadamoto , Takashi Tanaka

Understanding the optimization landscape of linear quadratic regulation (LQR) problems is fundamental to the design of efficient reinforcement learning solutions. Recent work has made significant progress in characterizing the landscape of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Jingliang Duan , Jie Li , Yinsong Ma , Liye Tang , Guofa Li , Liping Zhang , Shengbo Eben Li , Lin Zhao

The convergence of policy gradient algorithms hinges on the optimization landscape of the underlying optimal control problem. Theoretical insights into these algorithms can often be acquired from analyzing those of linear quadratic control.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-02 Jingliang Duan , Wenhan Cao , Yang Zheng , Lin Zhao

The Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) problem is a classic and widely studied model in optimal control, providing a fundamental framework for designing controllers for linear systems subject to process and observation noises. In recent years,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Haoran Li , Xun Li , Yuan-Hua Ni , Xuebo Zhang

This paper revisits the classical Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control from a modern optimization perspective. We analyze two aspects of the optimization landscape of the LQG problem: 1) connectivity of the set of stabilizing controllers…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-09 Yang Zheng , Yujie Tang , Na Li

Landing methods have recently emerged in Riemannian matrix optimization as efficient schemes for handling nonlinear equality constraints without resorting to costly retractions. These methods decompose the search direction into tangent and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Florentin Goyens , Florian Feppon

The convergence of policy gradient algorithms in reinforcement learning hinges on the optimization landscape of the underlying optimal control problem. Theoretical insights into these algorithms can often be acquired from analyzing those of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jingliang Duan , Wenhan Cao , Yang Zheng , Lin Zhao

This survey explores the geometric perspective on policy optimization within the realm of feedback control systems, emphasizing the intrinsic relationship between control design and optimization. By adopting a geometric viewpoint, we aim to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Shahriar Talebi , Yang Zheng , Spencer Kraisler , Na Li , Mehran Mesbahi

In this work, we revisit the Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) optimal control problem from a behavioral perspective. Motivated by the suitability of behavioral models for data-driven control, we begin with a reformulation of the LQG problem…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Abed AlRahman Al Makdah , Vishaal Krishnan , Vaibhav Katewa , Fabio Pasqualetti

We study a type of Riemannian gradient descent (RGD) algorithm, designed through Riemannian preconditioning, for optimization on $\mathcal{M}_k^{m\times n}$ -- the set of $m\times n$ real matrices with a fixed rank $k$. Our analysis is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Shuyu Dong , Bin Gao , Wen Huang , Kyle A. Gallivan

Motivated by recent advances of reinforcement learning and direct data-driven control, we propose policy gradient adaptive control (PGAC) for the linear quadratic regulator (LQR), which uses online closed-loop data to improve the control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Feiran Zhao , Alessandro Chiuso , Florian Dörfler

Gradient-based methods have been widely used for system design and optimization in diverse application domains. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in studying theoretical properties of these methods in the context of control and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Bin Hu , Kaiqing Zhang , Na Li , Mehran Mesbahi , Maryam Fazel , Tamer Başar

This paper is concerned with the Coherent Quantum Linear Quadratic Gaussian (CQLQG) control problem of finding a stabilizing measurement-free quantum controller for a quantum plant so as to minimize an infinite-horizon mean square…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-03 Arash Kh. Sichani , Igor G. Vladimirov , Ian R. Petersen

We consider the continuous-time Linear-Quadratic-Regulator (LQR) problem in terms of optimizing a real-valued matrix function over the set of feedback gains. The results developed are in parallel to those in Bu et al. [1] for discrete-time…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-17 Jingjing Bu , Afshin Mesbahi , Mehran Mesbahi

We consider solutions to the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) regulator problem via policy gradient (PG) methods. Although PG methods have demonstrated strong theoretical guarantees in solving the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Kasra Fallah , Leonardo F. Toso , James Anderson

We study the global linear convergence of policy gradient (PG) methods for finite-horizon continuous-time exploratory linear-quadratic control (LQC) problems. The setting includes stochastic LQC problems with indefinite costs and allows…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Michael Giegrich , Christoph Reisinger , Yufei Zhang

We revisit in this paper the discrete-time linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem from the perspective of receding-horizon policy gradient (RHPG), a newly developed model-free learning framework for control applications. We provide a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-02 Xiangyuan Zhang , Tamer Başar

This paper is concerned with coherent quantum linear quadratic Gaussian (CQLQG) control. The problem is to find a stabilizing measurement-free quantum controller for a quantum plant so as to minimize a mean square cost for the fully quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-27 Arash Kh. Sichani , Igor G. Vladimirov , Ian R. Petersen

This paper considers the problem of decentralized optimization on compact submanifolds, where a finite sum of smooth (possibly non-convex) local functions is minimized by $n$ agents forming an undirected and connected graph. However, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jun Chen , Lina Liu , Tianyi Zhu , Yong Liu , Guang Dai , Yunliang Jiang , Ivor W. Tsang
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