Related papers: A Generalized Logrank-type Test for Comparison of …
In clinical trials, response-adaptive randomization (RAR) has the appealing ability to assign more subjects to better-performing treatments based on interim results. The traditional RAR strategy alters the randomization ratio on a…
We propose a dynamic allocation procedure that increases power and efficiency when measuring an average treatment effect in sequential randomized trials exploiting some subjects' previous assessed responses. Subjects arrive sequentially and…
Randomized benchmarking (RB) is a widely used strategy to assess the quality of available quantum gates in a computational context. RB involves applying known random sequences of gates to an initial state and using the statistics of a final…
A multi-arm multi-stage trial is a multi-arm trial which includes interim analyses - analysing the data at certain specified points, generally discontinuing treatments which are concluded to not work and proceeding with the remainder. It is…
Background With microarray technology becoming mature and popular, the selection and use of a small number of relevant genes for accurate classification of samples is a hot topic in the circles of biostatistics and bioinformatics. However,…
Randomized experiments have been the gold standard for assessing the effectiveness of a treatment or policy. The classical complete randomization approach assigns treatments based on a prespecified probability and may lead to inefficient…
We propose a restricted win probability estimand for comparing treatments in a randomized trial with a time-to-event outcome. We also propose Bayesian estimators for this summary measure as well as the unrestricted win probability. Bayesian…
Stabilized dynamic treatment regimes are sequential decision rules for individual patients that not only adaptive throughout the disease progression but also remain consistent over time in format. The estimation of stabilized dynamic…
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) often involve multiple longitudinal primary outcomes to comprehensively assess treatment efficacy. The Longitudinal Rank-Sum Test (LRST), a robust U-statistics-based, non-parametric, rank-based method,…
In oncology the efficacy of novel therapeutics often differs across patient subgroups, and these variations are difficult to predict during the initial phases of the drug development process. The relation between the power of randomized…
In cancer research, profiling studies have been extensively conducted, searching for genes/SNPs associated with prognosis. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Examining similarity and difference in the genetic basis of multiple subtypes of…
Controlled experiments are widely used in many applications to investigate the causal relationship between input factors and experimental outcomes. A completely randomized design is usually used to randomly assign treatment levels to…
Dynamic treatment regimes operationalize the clinical decision process as a sequence of functions, one for each clinical decision, where each function takes as input up-to-date patient information and gives as output a single recommended…
Biomarker subpopulations have become increasingly important for drug development in targeted therapies. The use of biomarkers has the potential to facilitate more effective outcomes by guiding patient selection appropriately, thus enhancing…
Seamless phase II/III trials have become a cornerstone of modern drug development, offering a means to accelerate evaluation while maintaining statistical rigor. However, most existing inference procedures are model-based, designed…
Weighted logrank tests are a popular tool for analyzing right censored survival data from two independent samples. Each of these tests is optimal against a certain hazard alternative, for example the classical logrank test for proportional…
A simple and common type of medical research involves the comparison of one treatment against another. The logical aim should be both to establish which treatment is superior and the strength of evidence supporting this conclusion, a task…
This paper studies inference in cluster randomized trials where treatment status is determined according to a "matched pairs" design. Here, by a cluster randomized experiment, we mean one in which treatment is assigned at the level of the…
High-dimensional biomarkers such as genomics are increasingly being measured in randomized clinical trials. Consequently, there is a growing interest in developing methods that improve the power to detect biomarker-treatment interactions.…
Simultaneous statistical inference has been a cornerstone in the statistics methodology literature because of its fundamental theory and paramount applications. The mainstream multiple testing literature has traditionally considered two…