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Imitation learning methods have demonstrated considerable success in teaching autonomous systems complex tasks through expert demonstrations. However, a limitation of these methods is their lack of interpretability, particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Wenliang Liu , Danyang Li , Erfan Aasi , Daniela Rus , Roberto Tron , Calin Belta

Ensuring safety and meeting temporal specifications are critical challenges for long-term robotic tasks. Signal temporal logic (STL) has been widely used to systematically and rigorously specify these requirements. However, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Yue Meng , Chuchu Fan

There are spatio-temporal rules that dictate how robots should operate in complex environments, e.g., road rules govern how (self-driving) vehicles should behave on the road. However, seamlessly incorporating such rules into a robot control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Karen Leung , Marco Pavone

We propose a policy search approach to learn controllers from specifications given as Signal Temporal Logic (STL) formulae. The system model, which is unknown but assumed to be an affine control system, is learned together with the control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Wenliang Liu , Mirai Nishioka , Calin Belta

Techniques based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) are increasingly being used to design control policies for robotic systems. RL fundamentally relies on state-based reward functions to encode desired behavior of the robot and bad reward…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Parv Kapoor , Anand Balakrishnan , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Multi-task learning (MTL) seeks to improve the generalized performance of learning specific tasks, exploiting useful information incorporated in related tasks. As a promising area, this paper studies an MTL-based control approach…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Andres Arias , Chuangchuang Sun

Signal temporal logic (STL) is a powerful tool for describing complex behaviors for dynamical systems. Among many approaches, the control problem for systems under STL task constraints is well suited for learning-based solutions, because…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Peter Varnai , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Seamlessly integrating rules in Learning-from-Demonstrations (LfD) policies is a critical requirement to enable the real-world deployment of AI agents. Recently, Signal Temporal Logic (STL) has been shown to be an effective language for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jasmine Jerry Aloor , Jay Patrikar , Parv Kapoor , Jean Oh , Sebastian Scherer

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful framework for describing the complex temporal and logical behaviour of the dynamical system. Numerous studies have attempted to employ reinforcement learning to learn a controller that enforces STL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-05 Naman Saxena , Gorantla Sandeep , Pushpak Jagtap

We introduce a sampling-based learning method for solving optimal control problems involving task satisfaction constraints for systems with partially known dynamics. The control problems are defined by a cost to be minimized and a task to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-14 Peter Varnai , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Reinforcement learning has been applied to many interesting problems such as the famous TD-gammon and the inverted helicopter flight. However, little effort has been put into developing methods to learn policies for complex persistent tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Xiao Li , Calin Belta

We investigate how formal temporal logic specifications can enhance the safety and robustness of reinforcement learning (RL) control in aerospace applications. Using the open source AeroBench F-16 simulation benchmark, we train a Proximal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hani Beirami , M M Manjurul Islam

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is an efficient technique for describing temporal constraints. It can play a significant role in robotic manipulation, for example, to optimize the robot performance according to task-dependent metrics. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Akshay Dhonthi , Philipp Schillinger , Leonel Rozo , Daniele Nardi

We propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based control design framework for handling complex tasks. The approach extends the concept of Reward Machines (RM) with Signal Temporal Logic (STL) formulas that can be used for event generation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ana María Gómez Ruiz , Thao Dang , Alexandre Donzé

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) inference learns interpretable logical rules for temporal behaviors in dynamical systems. To ensure the correctness of learned STL formulas, recent approaches have incorporated conformal prediction as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yixuan Wang , Danyang Li , Matthew Cleaveland , Roberto Tron , Mingyu Cai

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) has become a popular tool for expressing formal requirements of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). The problem of verifying STL properties of neural network-controlled CPS remains a largely unexplored problem. In this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-10 Navid Hashemi , Bardh Hoxha , Tomoya Yamaguchi , Danil Prokhorov , Geogios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

Machine learning techniques using neural networks have achieved promising success for time-series data classification. However, the models that they produce are challenging to verify and interpret. In this paper, we propose an explainable…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Danyang Li , Mingyu Cai , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Roberto Tron

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) has been widely adopted as a specification language for specifying desirable behaviors of hybrid systems. By monitoring a given STL specification, we can detect the executions that violate it, which are often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenya Zhang , Parv Kapoor , Jie An , Eunsuk Kang

This paper introduces a model-based approach for training feedback controllers for an autonomous agent operating in a highly nonlinear (albeit deterministic) environment. We desire the trained policy to ensure that the agent satisfies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Navid Hashemi , Bardh Hoxha , Danil Prokhorov , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

This work presents a novel co-design strategy that integrates trajectory planning and control to handle STL-based tasks in autonomous robots. The method consists of two phases: $(i)$ learning spatio-temporal motion primitives to encapsulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Manas Sashank Juvvi , Tushar Dilip Kurne , Vaishnavi J , Shishir Kolathaya , Pushpak Jagtap
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