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Numerous researches have proved that deep neural networks (DNNs) can fit everything in the end even given data with noisy labels, and result in poor generalization performance. However, recent studies suggest that DNNs tend to gradually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Hao Yang , Youzhi Jin , Ziyin Li , Deng-Bao Wang , Lei Miao , Xin Geng , Min-Ling Zhang

Multi-label classification, which involves assigning multiple labels to a single input, has emerged as a key area in both research and industry due to its wide-ranging applications. Designing effective loss functions is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Alexandre Audibert , Aurélien Gauffre , Massih-Reza Amini

Here we study the problem of learning labels for large text corpora where each text can be assigned a variable number of labels. The problem might seem trivial when the label dimensionality is small and can be easily solved using a series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Sayantan Dasgupta

Machine learning models usually assume i.i.d data during training and testing, but data and tasks in real world often change over time. To emulate the transient nature of real world, we propose a challenging but practical task: text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hailin Chen , Amrita Saha , Shafiq Joty , Steven C. H. Hoi

Deep Metric Learning (DML) plays a critical role in various machine learning tasks. However, most existing deep metric learning methods with binary similarity are sensitive to noisy labels, which are widely present in real-world data. Since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Jiexi Yan , Lei Luo , Cheng Deng , Heng Huang

Multi-label classification (MLC) assigns multiple labels to each sample. Prior studies show that MLC can be transformed to a sequence prediction problem with a recurrent neural network (RNN) decoder to model the label dependency. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Che-Ping Tsai , Hung-Yi Lee

Collecting a large number of reliable training images annotated by multiple land-cover class labels in the framework of multi-label classification is time-consuming and costly in remote sensing (RS). To address this problem, publicly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ahmet Kerem Aksoy , Mahdyar Ravanbakhsh , Tristan Kreuziger , Begum Demir

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot classification abilities, demonstrating great potential for generating weakly supervised labels. Unfortunately, existing weakly supervised learning methods are short of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zhongnian Li , Jinghao Xu , Peng Ying , Meng Wei , Xinzheng Xu

Partial label (PL) learning tackles the problem where each training instance is associated with a set of candidate labels that include both the true label and irrelevant noise labels. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-level generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Yan Yan , Yuhong Guo

Technological advances facilitate the ability to acquire multimodal data, posing a challenge for recognition systems while also providing an opportunity to use the heterogeneous nature of the information to increase the generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Paweł Zyblewski , Leandro L. Minku

Single-prompt first-token probabilities from zero-shot vision-language model (VLM) safety classifiers are treated as decision scores, but we show they are unreliable under semantically equivalent prompt reformulation: even when the binary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Charles Weng , Dingwen Li , Alexander Martin

Partial-label learning (PLL) generally focuses on inducing a noise-tolerant multi-class classifier by training on overly-annotated samples, each of which is annotated with a set of labels, but only one is the valid label. A basic promise of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Yunfeng Zhao , Guoxian Yu , Lei Liu , Zhongmin Yan , Lizhen Cui , Carlotta Domeniconi

Textual label names (descriptions) are typically semantically rich in many natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. In this paper, we incorporate the prompting methodology, which is widely used to enrich model input, into the label side…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Bo Li , Wei Ye , Quansen Wang , Wen Zhao , Shikun Zhang

Deep learning has proven effective for various application tasks, but its applicability is limited by the reliance on annotated examples. Self-supervised learning has emerged as a promising direction to alleviate the supervision bottleneck,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Hoifung Poon , Hai Wang , Hunter Lang

Multi-label learning is a challenging computer vision task that requires assigning multiple categories to each image. However, fully annotating large-scale datasets is often impractical due to high costs and effort, motivating the study of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Luong Tran , Thieu Vo , Anh Nguyen , Sang Dinh , Van Nguyen

In multiclass classification, the goal is to learn how to predict a random label $Y$, valued in $\mathcal{Y}=\{1,\; \ldots,\; K \}$ with $K\geq 3$, based upon observing a r.v. $X$, taking its values in $\mathbb{R}^q$ with $q\geq 1$ say, by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Stephan Clémençon , Robin Vogel

Multi-view multi-label classification (MvMLC) is indispensable for modern web applications aggregating information from diverse sources. However, real-world web-scale settings are rife with missing views and continuously emerging classes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiajun Chen , Yue Wu , Kai Huang , Wen Xi , Yangyang Wu , Xiaoye Miao , Mengying Zhu , Meng Xi , Guanjie Cheng

Label distribution learning (LDL) is an effective method to predict the relative label description degree (a.k.a. label distribution) of a sample. However, the label distribution is not a complete representation of an instance because it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jiawei Tang , Yuheng Jia

The existence of label noise imposes significant challenges (e.g., poor generalization) on the training process of deep neural networks (DNN). As a remedy, this paper introduces a permutation layer learning approach termed PermLL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Salman Alsubaihi , Mohammed Alkhrashi , Raied Aljadaany , Fahad Albalawi , Bernard Ghanem

This paper presents a novel approach to Single-Positive Multi-label Learning. In general multi-label learning, a model learns to predict multiple labels or categories for a single input image. This is in contrast with standard multi-class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xin Xing , Zhexiao Xiong , Abby Stylianou , Srikumar Sastry , Liyu Gong , Nathan Jacobs