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Multi-modal Large Langue Models (MLLMs) often process thousands of visual tokens, which consume a significant portion of the context window and impose a substantial computational burden. Prior work has empirically explored visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dingchen Yang , Bowen Cao , Anran Zhang , Weibo Gu , Winston Hu , Guang Chen

Multimodal pre-trained models, such as CLIP, are popular for zero-shot classification due to their open-vocabulary flexibility and high performance. However, vision-language models, which compute similarity scores between images and class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Mia Chiquier , Utkarsh Mall , Carl Vondrick

This work investigates the capabilities of current vision-language models (VLMs) in visual understanding and attribute measurement of primitive shapes using a benchmark focused on controlled 2D shape configurations with variations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ankit Yadav , Lingqiao Liu , Yuankai Qi

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer the ability to generate high-level, interpretable descriptions of complex activities from images and videos, making them valuable for situational awareness (SA) applications. In such settings, the focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Pavana Pradeep , Krishna Kant , Suya Yu

Integration of diverse data will be a pivotal step towards improving scientific explorations in many disciplines. This work establishes a vision-language model (VLM) that encodes videos with text input in order to classify various behaviors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Paimon Goulart , Jordan Steinhauser , Kylene Shuler , Edward Korzus , Jia Chen , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Despite recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), they may over-rely on visual language priors existing in their training data rather than true visual reasoning. To investigate this, we introduce ViLP, a benchmark featuring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Tiange Luo , Ang Cao , Gunhee Lee , Justin Johnson , Honglak Lee

Class-incremental learning requires a learning system to continually learn knowledge of new classes and meanwhile try to preserve previously learned knowledge of old classes. As current state-of-the-art methods based on Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Jiantao Tan , Peixian Ma , Tong Yu , Wentao Zhang , Ruixuan Wang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have substantially extended the boundaries of visual understanding capabilities. However, their high computational demands hinder deployment on resource-constrained edge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haotong Qin , Cheng Hu , Michele Magno

Trained on vast corpora, Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to encode visualization design knowledge and best practices. However, if they fail to do so, they might provide unreliable visualization recommendations. What…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Huichen Will Wang , Mitchell Gordon , Leilani Battle , Jeffrey Heer

Recent research has shown that CLIP models struggle with visual reasoning tasks that require grounding compositionality, understanding spatial relationships, or capturing fine-grained details. One natural hypothesis is that the CLIP vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Siting Li , Pang Wei Koh , Simon Shaolei Du

Advances in vision language models (VLMs) have enabled the simulation of general human behavior through their reasoning and problem solving capabilities. However, prior research has not investigated such simulation capabilities in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Rosiana Natalie , Wenqian Xu , Ruei-Che Chang , Rada Mihalcea , Anhong Guo

Vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled strong zero-shot classification through image-text alignment. Yet, their purely visual inference capabilities remain under-explored. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Illia Volkov , Nikita Kisel , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Vision-language models (VLMs) integrate visual and textual information, enabling a wide range of applications such as image captioning and visual question answering, making them crucial for modern AI systems. However, their high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Gaurav Shinde , Anuradha Ravi , Emon Dey , Shadman Sakib , Milind Rampure , Nirmalya Roy

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

By describing the features and abstractions of our world, language is a crucial tool for human learning and a promising source of supervision for machine learning models. We use language to improve few-shot visual classification in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Jesse Mu , Percy Liang , Noah Goodman

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) can interpret data visualizations, but what makes a visualization understandable to these models? Do factors like color, shape, and text influence legibility, and how does this compare to human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Matheus Valentim , Vaishali Dhanoa , Gabriela Molina León , Niklas Elmqvist

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has drawn increasing attention recently for its transferable visual representation learning. However, due to the semantic gap within datasets, CLIP's pre-trained image-text alignment becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Longtian Qiu , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Ziyao Zeng , Zilu Guo , Yafeng Li , Guangnan Zhang

Vision Large Language Models (VLMs) combine visual understanding with natural language processing, enabling tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and video analysis. While VLMs show impressive capabilities across domains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ahmed Sharshar , Latif U. Khan , Waseem Ullah , Mohsen Guizani

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are expected to be capable of reasoning with commonsense knowledge as human beings. One example is that humans can reason where and when an image is taken based on their knowledge. This makes us wonder if,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Gengyuan Zhang , Yurui Zhang , Kerui Zhang , Volker Tresp