Related papers: Log-rank test with coarsened exact matching
Identifying the statistical distribution that best fits citation data is important to allow robust and powerful quantitative analyses. Whilst previous studies have suggested that both the hooked power law and discretised lognormal…
In weak-lensing cosmological studies, peak statistics is sensitive to nonlinear structures and thus complementary to cosmic shear two-point correlations. In this paper, we explore a new approach, namely, the peak steepness statistics, with…
Rank similarity measures provide a method for quantifying differences between search engine results without the need for relevance judgments. For example, the providers of a search service might use such measures to estimate the impact of a…
Propensity score methods have been shown to be powerful in obtaining efficient estimators of average treatment effect (ATE) from observational data, especially under the existence of confounding factors. When estimating, deciding which type…
In the presence of prognostic covariates, inference about the treatment effect with time-to-event endpoints is mostly conducted via the stratified log-rank test or the score test based on the Cox proportional hazards model. In their…
Variable (feature, gene, model, which we use interchangeably) selections for regression with high-dimensional BIGDATA have found many applications in bioinformatics, computational biology, image processing, and engineering. One appealing…
In this paper, we propose a robust method to estimate the average treatment effects in observational studies when the number of potential confounders is possibly much greater than the sample size. We first use a class of penalized…
Randomized clinical trials are often designed to assess whether a test treatment prolongs survival relative to a control treatment. Increased patient heterogeneity, while desirable for generalizability of results, can weaken the ability of…
This paper introduces a novel test for conditional stochastic dominance (CSD) at specific values of the conditioning covariates, referred to as target points. The test is relevant for analyzing income inequality, evaluating treatment…
Gene-based testing is a commonly employed strategy in many genetic association studies. Gene-trait associations can be complex due to underlying population heterogeneity, gene-environment interactions, and various other reasons. Existing…
In this paper, a long-term survival model under competing risks is considered. The unobserved number of competing risks is assumed to follow a negative binomial distribution that can capture both over- and under-dispersion. Considering the…
Randomized smoothing has shown promising certified robustness against adversaries in classification tasks. Despite such success with only zeroth-order access to base models, randomized smoothing has not been extended to a general form of…
In this paper we introduce a new family of estimators for the parameters of shape and scale of the log-logistic distribution being robust when rank set sample method is used to select the data. Rank set sampling arises as a way to reduce…
Causal or unconfounded descriptive comparisons between multiple groups are common in observational studies. Motivated from a racial disparity study in health services research, we propose a unified propensity score weighting framework, the…
As a specific proportional hazard rates model, sequential order statistics can be used to describe the lifetimes of load-sharing systems. Inference for these systems needs to account for small sample sizes, which are prevalent in…
Change point tests for abrupt changes in the mean of functional data, i.e., random elements in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, are either based on dimension reduction techniques, e.g., based on principal components, or directly based…
Neural ranking models (NRMs) have become one of the most important techniques in information retrieval (IR). Due to the limitation of relevance labels, the training of NRMs heavily relies on negative sampling over unlabeled data. In general…
A very classical problem in statistics is to test the stochastic superiority of one distribution to another. However, many existing approaches are developed for independent samples and, moreover, do not take censored data into account. We…
Competing risk data appear widely in modern biomedical research. Cause-specific hazard models are often used to deal with competing risk data in the past two decades. There is no current study on the kernel likelihood method for the…
The difference in restricted mean survival times between two groups is a clinically relevant summary measure. With observational data, there may be imbalances in confounding variables between the two groups. One approach to account for such…