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This paper is devoted to the study of the existence of positive solutions for a problem related to a higher order fractional differential equation involving a nonlinear term depending on a fractional differential operator,…

We prove lower bounds for the number of primes $p \leq N + b$ such that $p-b$ is divisible by $2^{k(N)}$ and has at most $k$ odd prime factors ($k \geq 2$), assuming $2^{k(N)} \leq N^\theta$ for some $\theta > 0$ depending on $k$. The proof…

In this paper we prove that for any prime $p\ge 11$ holds $$ {2p-1\choose p-1}\equiv 1 -2p \sum_{k=1}^{p-1}\frac{1}{k} +4p^2\sum_{1\le i<j\le p-1}\frac{1}{ij}\pmod{p^7}. $$ This is a generalization of the famous Wolstenholme's theorem which…

Let $f(n)$ be a random completely multiplicative function such that $f(p) = \pm 1$ with probabilities $1/2$ independently at each prime. We study the conditional probability, given that $f(p) = 1$ for all $p < y$, that all partial sums of…

This paper provides a survey of results on the greatest prime factor, the number of distinct prime factors, the greatest squarefree factor and the greatest m-th powerfree part of a block of consecutive integers, both without any assumption…

In this paper, we study a Landis-type conjecture for the general fractional Schr\"{o}dinger equation $((-P)^{s}+q)u=0$. As a byproduct, we also proved the additivity and boundedness of the linear operator $(-P)^{s}$ for non-smooth…

Let $p$ be a prime and ${\mathfrak P}_p$ the set of positive integers which are prime to $p$. Recently, Wang and Cai proved that for every positive integer $r$ and prime $p>2$ $$ \sum_{\substack{i+j+k=p^r\\ i,j,k\in{\mathfrak P}_p}}…

We prove that there are infinitely many solutions of $$ |\lambda_0+\lambda_1p+\lambda_2P_r|<p^{-\tau}, $$ where $r=3,$ $\tau=\frac1{118}$, and $\lambda_0$ is an arbitrary real number and $\lambda_1,\lambda_2\in\BR$ with $\lambda_2\neq0$ and…

Let $\pi_{q,a}(x)$ denote the number of primes $\le x$ in the progression $a$ modulo $q$. We study subtle inequities in these functions, with $q$ fixed and variable $a$ (sometimes called 'prime race problems'). It is known unconditionally…

We investigate the solvability of the Diophantine equation in the title, where $d>1$ is a square-free integer, $p, q$ are distinct odd primes and $x,y,a,b$ are unknown positive integers with $\gcd(x,y)=1$. We describe all the integer…

Let $E_1$ and $E_2$ be elliptic curves in Legendre form with integer parameters. We show there exists a constant $C$ such that for almost all primes, for all but at most $C$ pairs of points on the reduction of $E_1 \times E_2$ modulo $p$…

Let $c$ be a square-free positive integer and $p$ a prime satisfying $p\nmid c$. Let $h(-c)$ denote the class number of the imaginary quadratic field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-c})$. In this paper, we consider the Diophantine equation…

Let $m$ be any positive integer and let $\delta_1,\delta_2\in\{1,-1\}$. We show that for some constanst $C_m>0$ there are infinitely many integers $n>1$ with $p_{n+m}-p_n\le C_m$ such that $$\left(\frac{p_{n+i}}{p_{n+j}}\right)=\delta_1\…

Recently, several bounds have been obtained on the number of solutions to congruences of the type $$ (x_1+s)...(x_{\nu}+s)\equiv (y_1+s)...(y_{\nu}+s)\not\equiv0 \pmod p $$ modulo a prime $p$ with variables from some short intervals. Here,…

In this paper we obtain a sharp upper bound for the number of solutions to a certain diophantine inequality involving fractions with power denominator. This problem is motivated by a conjecture of Zhao concerning the spacing of such…

Let $\omega^*(n) = \{d|n: d=p-1, \mbox{$p$ is a prime}\}$. We show that, for each integer $k\geq2$, $$ \sum_{n\leq x}\omega^*(n)^k \asymp x(\log x)^{2^k-k-1}, $$ where the implied constant may depend on $k$ only. This confirms a recent…

Let $\alpha$ be a real number such that $1< \alpha <2$ and let $x_0=x_0(\alpha)$ be a {\rm(}unique{\rm)} positive solution of the equation $$ x^{\alpha-1} -\frac{\pi}{e^2\sqrt{3}}x +1=0. $$ Then we prove that for each positive integer…

Fix a number field $K$. For each nonzero $\alpha \in \mathbb{Z}_K$, let $\nu(\alpha)$ denote the number of distinct, nonassociate irreducible divisors of $\alpha$. We show that $\nu(\alpha)$ is normally distributed with mean proportional to…

Let $\varepsilon>0$ be a small constant. In the present paper we prove that whenever $\eta$ is real and constants $\lambda _i$ satisfy some necessary conditions, then there exist infinitely many prime triples $p_1,\, p_2,\, p_3$ satisfying…

In the present work we demonstrate that the so called Goldbach conjecture from 1742, All positive even numbers greater than two can be expressed as a sum of two primes, due to Leonhard Euler, is a true statement. This result is partially…