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Despite its popularity, several empirical and theoretical studies suggest that the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has persistent issues in providing a substantial practical advantage. Numerical results for few qubits and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Gereon Koßmann , Lennart Binkowski , Lauritz van Luijk , Timo Ziegler , René Schwonnek

We propose a machine learning based approach to accelerate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) implementation which is a promising quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to prove the so-called quantum supremacy. In QAOA, a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm designed to tackle combinatorial optimization problems. Despite its promise for near-term quantum applications, not much is currently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-26 Leo Zhou , Sheng-Tao Wang , Soonwon Choi , Hannes Pichler , Mikhail D. Lukin

The practical use of many types of near-term quantum computers requires accounting for their limited connectivity. One way of overcoming limited connectivity is to insert swaps in the circuit so that logical operations can be performed on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 Bryan O'Gorman , William J. Huggins , Eleanor G. Rieffel , K. Birgitta Whaley

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a general-purpose algorithm for combinatorial optimization. In this paper, we analyze the performance of the QAOA on a statistical estimation problem, namely, the spiked tensor model,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Leo Zhou , Joao Basso , Song Mei

In this work, we show the characterization of quantum iterations that would generally construct quantum amplitude amplification algorithms with a quadratic speedup, namely, quantum amplitude amplification operators (QAAOs). Exact quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Hyeokjea Kwon , Joonwoo Bae

Solving optimisation problems is a promising near-term application of quantum computers. Quantum variational algorithms leverage quantum superposition and entanglement to optimise over exponentially large solution spaces using an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 Edric Matwiejew , Jason Pye , Jingbo B. Wang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is suggested as a promising application on early quantum computers. Here, a quantum-inspired classical algorithm, the mean-field Approximate Optimization Algorithm (mean-field AOA), is…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) generates an approximate solution to combinatorial optimization problems using a variational ansatz circuit defined by parameterized layers of quantum evolution. In theory, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-24 Rebekah Herrman , Phillip C. Lotshaw , James Ostrowski , Travis S. Humble , George Siopsis

The ability of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to deliver a quantum advantage on combinatorial optimization problems is still unclear. Recently, a scaling advantage over a classical solver was postulated to exist for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Thorge Müller , Ajainderpal Singh , Frank K. Wilhelm , Tim Bode

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is designed to run on a gate model quantum computer and has shallow depth. It takes as input a combinatorial optimization problem and outputs a string that satisfies a high fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Edward Farhi , Aram W Harrow

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has numerous promising applications in solving the combinatorial optimization problems on near-term Noisy Intermediate Scalable Quantum (NISQ) devices. QAOA has a quantum-classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Xinwei Lee , Yoshiyuki Saito , Dongsheng Cai , Nobuyoshi Asai

We use the mapping between two computation frameworks , Adiabatic Grover Search (AGS) and Adiabatic Quantum Computing (AQC), to translate the Grover search algorithm into the AQC regime. We then apply Trotterization on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-01 Chen-Fu Chiang , Paul M. Alsing

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) transforms a simple many-qubit wavefunction into one which encodes a solution to a difficult classical optimization problem. It does this by optimizing the schedule according to which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Yunlong Yu , Chenfeng Cao , Carter Dewey , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

Combinatorial optimization problems are ubiquitous and computationally hard to solve in general. Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), one of the most representative quantum-classical hybrid algorithms, is designed to solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Lixue Cheng , Yu-Qin Chen , Shi-Xin Zhang , Shengyu Zhang

In this paper, we eliminate the classical outer learning loop of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and present a strategy to find good parameters for QAOA based on topological arguments of the problem graph and tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-26 Michael Streif , Martin Leib

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) constitutes one of the often mentioned candidates expected to yield a quantum boost in the era of near-term quantum computing. In practice, quantum optimization will have to compete with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-15 Charles Moussa , Henri Calandra , Vedran Dunjko

While the ultimate goal of solving computationally intractable problems is to find a provably optimal solutions, practical constraints of real-world scenarios often necessitate focusing on efficiently obtaining high-quality, near-optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Prashanti Priya Angara , Emily Martins , Ulrike Stege , Hausi Müller

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems offer a natural framework for continuous optimization through their infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In this paper, we propose the Complex Continuous-Variable Quantum Approximate Optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Raneem Madani , Abdel Lisser , Zeno Toffano

Quantum optimization allows for up to exponential quantum speedups for specific, possibly industrially relevant problems. As the key algorithm in this field, we motivate and discuss the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Jonas Stein , Maximilian Zorn , Leo Sünkel , Thomas Gabor