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Access to the proper infrastructure is critical when performing medical image segmentation with Deep Learning. This requirement makes it difficult to run state-of-the-art segmentation models in resource-constrained scenarios like primary…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-08 John Kalkhof , Camila González , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

In contrast to deep reinforcement learning agents, biological neural networks are grown through a self-organized developmental process. Here we propose a new hypernetwork approach to grow artificial neural networks based on neural cellular…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Elias Najarro , Shyam Sudhakaran , Claire Glanois , Sebastian Risi

We report the possibility of using a simple neural network for effortless restoration of low-light images inspired by the retina model, which mimics the neurophysiological principles and dynamics of various types of optical neurons. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Yurui Ming , Yuanyuan Liang

Deep Learning for medical imaging faces challenges in adapting and generalizing to new contexts. Additionally, it often lacks sufficient labeled data for specific tasks requiring significant annotation effort. Continual Learning (CL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Rui Daniel , M. Rita Verdelho , Catarina Barata , Carlos Santiago

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have a significant impact on various tasks, due to their extensive knowledge and powerful perception and generation capabilities. However, it still remains an open research problem on applying MLLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xiaoyu Jin , Yuan Shi , Bin Xia , Wenming Yang

Image restoration and spectral reconstruction are longstanding computer vision tasks. Currently, CNN-transformer hybrid models provide state-of-the-art performance for these tasks. The key common ingredient in the architectural designs of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Zaid Ilyas , Naveed Akhtar , David Suter , Syed Zulqarnain Gilani

Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) have been proven effective in simulating morphogenetic processes, the continuous construction of complex structures from very few starting cells. Recent developments in NCAs lie in the 2D domain, namely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Shyam Sudhakaran , Djordje Grbic , Siyan Li , Adam Katona , Elias Najarro , Claire Glanois , Sebastian Risi

We propose a provably convergent method, called Efficient Learned Descent Algorithm (ELDA), for low-dose CT (LDCT) reconstruction. ELDA is a highly interpretable neural network architecture with learned parameters and meanwhile retains…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-28 Qingchao Zhang , Mehrdad Alvandipour , Wenjun Xia , Yi Zhang , Xiaojing Ye , Yunmei Chen

We propose a novel Learned Alternating Minimization Algorithm (LAMA) for dual-domain sparse-view CT image reconstruction. LAMA is naturally induced by a variational model for CT reconstruction with learnable nonsmooth nonconvex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Chi Ding , Qingchao Zhang , Ge Wang , Xiaojing Ye , Yunmei Chen

Most of the Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) defined in the literature have a common theme: they are based on regular grids with a Moore neighborhood (one-hop neighbour). They do not take into account long-range connections and more complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Léo Pio-Lopez , Benedikt Hartl , Michael Levin

Medical image registration is a critical process that aligns various patient scans, facilitating tasks like diagnosis, surgical planning, and tracking. Traditional optimization based methods are slow, prompting the use of Deep Learning (DL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Amin Ranem , John Kalkhof , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Recent advancements in medical imaging have resulted in more complex and diverse images, with challenges such as high anatomical variability, blurred tissue boundaries, low organ contrast, and noise. Traditional segmentation methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-01 Yufeng Jiang , Zongxi Li , Xiangyan Chen , Haoran Xie , Jing Cai

Cellular automata (CAs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are closely related due to the local nature of information processing. The connection between these topics is beneficial to both related fields, for conceptual as well as…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2024-09-05 Michiel Rollier , Aisling J. Daly , Odemir M. Bruno , Jan M. Baetens

We present ongoing work on a tool that consists of two parts: (i) A raw micro-level abstract world simulator with an interface to (ii) a 3D game engine, translator of raw abstract simulator data to photorealistic graphics. Part (i)…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Olivier Van Acker , Oded Lachish , Graeme Burnett

Consistent improvement of image priors over the years has led to the development of better inverse problem solvers. Diffusion models are the newcomers to this arena, posing the strongest known prior to date. Recently, such models operating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Ron Raphaeli , Sean Man , Michael Elad

Cellular automata have been useful artificial models for exploring how relatively simple rules combined with spatial memory can give rise to complex emergent patterns. Moreover, studying the dynamics of how rules emerge under artificial…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2014-07-11 Theodore P. Pavlic , Alyssa M. Adams , Paul C. W. Davies , Sara Imari Walker

The essential ingredient for studying the phenomena of emergence is the ability to generate and manipulate emergent systems that span large scales. Cellular automata are the model class particularly known for their effective scalability but…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sina Khajehabdollahi , Emmanouil Giannakakis , Victor Buendia , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

We present a novel, training-free approach for textual editing of real images using diffusion models. Unlike prior methods that rely on computationally expensive finetuning, our approach leverages LAtent SPatial Alignment (LASPA) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yazeed Alharbi , Peter Wonka

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) models have shown remarkable capacity for pattern formation and complex global behaviors stemming from local coordination. However, in the original implementation of NCA, cells are incapable of adjusting their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Ettore Randazzo , Alexander Mordvintsev , Craig Fouts

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) have proven to be effective in a variety of fields, with numerous biologically inspired applications. One of the fields, in which NCAs perform well is the generation of textures, modelling global patterns from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mirela-Magdalena Catrina , Ioana Cristina Plajer , Alexandra Baicoianu