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Radio frequency (RF) communications offer reliable but low data rates and energy-inefficient satellite links, while free-space optical (FSO) promises high bandwidth but struggles with disturbances imposed by atmospheric effects. A hybrid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Mostafa Ibrahim , Arsalan Ahmad , Sabit Ekin , Peter LoPresti , Serhat Altunc , Obadiah Kegege , John F. O'Hara

We propose a low-power mobile low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication architecture, employing double reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) to enhance energy efficiency and signal performance. With a distance between RISs that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kunnathully Sadanandan Sanila , Rickard Nilsson , Emad Ibrahim , Neelakandan Rajamohan

Future telecommunication systems are expected to co-exist with different backhauling nodes such as terrestrial or satellite systems. Satellite connectivity can add flexibility to backhauling networks and provide an alternative route for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Engin Zeydan , Yekta Turk

This paper investigates the downlink (DL) transmit design for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, where only the slow-varying statistical channel state information is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Ke-Xin Li , Li You , Jiaheng Wang , Xiqi Gao , Christos G. Tsinos , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and ubiquitous connectivity are two usage scenarios of sixth generation (6G) networks. In this context, low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, as an important component of 6G networks, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Qi Wang , Xiaoming Chen , Qiao Qi , Mili Li , Wolfgang Gerstacker

The immense volume of data generated by Earth observation (EO) satellites presents significant challenges in transmitting it to Earth over rate-limited satellite-to-ground communication links. This paper presents an efficient downlink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Van-Phuc Bui , Shashi Raj Pandey , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Petar Popovski

As Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations rapidly expand to hundreds and thousands of spacecraft, the need for distributed on-board machine learning becomes critical to address downlink bandwidth limitations. Federated learning (FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Grace Kim , Filip Svoboda , Nicholas Lane

Mega-constellations of small-size Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are currently planned and deployed by various private and public entities. While global connectivity is the main rationale, these constellations also offer the potential to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-29 Nasrin Razmi , Bho Matthiesen , Armin Dekorsy , Petar Popovski

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication system suffers from severe Doppler shifts, while {the Doppler-resilient affine frequency-division multiplexing (AFDM) transmission suffers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-15 Shuntian Tang , Xiaomei Wu , Xinyi Wang , Le Zhao , Guang Yang , Zilong Liu , Fan Liu , Zesong Fei

This paper provides, for the first time, analytical expressions for the Long-Range (LoRa) waveform and cross-correlation in both continuous and discrete time domains under the Doppler effect in satellite communication. We propose the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Jikang Deng , Fatma Benkhelifa , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have been prosperously deployed for various Earth observation missions due to its capability of collecting a large amount of image or sensor data. However, traditionally, the data training process is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Chih-Yu Chen , Li-Hsiang Shen , Kai-Ten Feng , Lie-Liang Yang , Jen-Ming Wu

Large networks of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are being built using inter-satellite lasers. These networks promise to offer low-latency wide-area connectivity, but reliably routing such traffic is difficult, as satellites are very…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Stefano Vissicchio , Mark Handley

As the number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites rapidly increases, the consideration of frequency sharing or cooperation between geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) and LEO satellites is gaining attention. In this paper, we consider a hybrid…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Dong-Hyun Jung , Hongjae Nam , Junil Choi , David J. Love

Given their extensive geographic coverage, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are envisioned to find their way into next-generation (6G) wireless communications. This paper explores space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) leveraging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chao Zhang , Qingchao Li , Chao Xu , Lie-Liang Yang , Lajos Hanzo

In this paper, we propose scalable distributed beamforming schemes over low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks that rely solely on statistical channel state information for downlink orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. We…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Yuchen Zhang , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The rapid advancement of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems has significantly enhanced global connectivity, offering high-capacity, low-latency services crucial for next-generation applications. However, the dense…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Qianqian Zhang , Ye Hu , Minchae Jung

The paper treats a multiuser relay scenario where multiple user equipments (UEs) have a two-way communication with a common Base Station (BS) in the presence of a buffer-equipped Relay Station (RS). Each of the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Rongkuan Liu , Petar Popovski , Gang Wang

Integrating contention-based random access procedures into low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication (SatCom) systems poses new challenges, including long propagation delays, large Doppler shifts, and a large number of simultaneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Hyunwoo Lee , Ian P. Roberts , Jinkyo Jeong , Daesik Hong

With the proliferated low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites in mega-constellations, the future Internet will be able to reach any place on Earth, providing high-quality services to everyone. However, high-quality operations in terms of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Peng Hu

Direct-to-satellite IoT DtS IoT communication structure is a promising solution to provide connectivity and extend the coverage of traditional low-power and long-range technologies, especially for isolated and remote areas where deploying…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Mohammad Al Mojamed