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This paper develops a safety analysis method for stochastic systems that is sensitive to the possibility and severity of rare harmful outcomes. We define risk-sensitive safe sets as sub-level sets of the solution to a non-standard optimal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Margaret P. Chapman , Riccardo Bonalli , Kevin M. Smith , Insoon Yang , Marco Pavone , Claire J. Tomlin

Motion planning under uncertainty for an autonomous system can be formulated as a Markov Decision Process with a continuous state space. In this paper, we propose a novel solution to this decision-theoretic planning problem that directly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Junhong Xu , Kai Yin , Lantao Liu

Safe path planning is a crucial component in autonomous robotics. The many approaches to find a collision free path can be categorically divided into trajectory optimisers and sampling-based methods. When planning using occupancy maps, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Gilad Francis , Lionel Ott , Fabio Ramos

This work presents a density-based framework for safe navigation in dynamic environments characterized by time-varying obstacle sets and time-varying target regions. We propose an analytical construction of time-varying density functions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sriram S. K. S Narayanan , Joseph Moyalan , Umesh Vaidya

Abrupt maneuvers by surrounding vehicles (SVs) can typically lead to safety concerns and affect the task efficiency of the ego vehicle (EV), especially with model uncertainties stemming from environmental disturbances. This paper presents a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Lei Zheng , Rui Yang , Zengqi Peng , Wei Yan , Michael Yu Wang , Jun Ma

Guaranteeing safety for robotic and autonomous systems in real-world environments is a challenging task that requires the mitigation of stochastic uncertainties. Control barrier functions have, in recent years, been widely used for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Andrew Singletary , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Aaron D. Ames

Although ground robotic autonomy has gained widespread usage in structured and controlled environments, autonomy in unknown and off-road terrain remains a difficult problem. Extreme, off-road, and unstructured environments such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-29 David D. Fan , Kyohei Otsu , Yuki Kubo , Anushri Dixit , Joel Burdick , Ali-Akbar Agha-Mohammadi

In this paper, we present an innovative risk-bounded motion planning methodology for stochastic multi-agent systems. For this methodology, the disturbance, noise, and model uncertainty are considered; and a velocity obstacle method is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Xiaoxue Zhang , Jun Ma , Zilong Cheng , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Tong Heng Lee

Safe autonomy is a critical requirement and a key enabler for robots to operate safely in unstructured complex environments. Control barrier functions and safe motion corridors are two widely used but technically distinct safety methods,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ömür Arslan , Nikolay Atanasov

Planning safe paths is a major building block in robot autonomy. It has been an active field of research for several decades, with a plethora of planning methods. Planners can be generally categorised as either trajectory optimisers or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Gilad Francis , Lionel Ott , Fabio Ramos

Accurate quantification of safety is essential for the design of autonomous systems. In this paper, we present a methodology to characterize the exact probabilities associated with invariance and recovery in safe control. We consider a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-22 Albert Chern , Xiang Wang , Abhiram Iyer , Yorie Nakahira

The rapid integration of AI algorithms in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and healthcare is raising significant concerns about the ability to meet stringent safety standards. Traditional tools for formal safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Oliver Schön , Zhengang Zhong , Sadegh Soudjani

While offline reinforcement learning provides reliable policies for real-world deployment, its inherent pessimism severely restricts an agent's ability to explore and collect novel data online. Drawing inspiration from safe reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Amirhossein Roknilamouki , Arnob Ghosh , Eylem Ekici , Ness B. Shroff

Collision-free motion is a fundamental requirement for many autonomous systems. This paper develops a safety-critical control approach for the collision-free navigation of polytope-shaped agents in polytope-shaped environments. A systematic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-26 Tamas G. Molnar

This work focuses on the problem of visual target navigation, which is very important for autonomous robots as it is closely related to high-level tasks. To find a special object in unknown environments, classical and learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Bangguo Yu , Hamidreza Kasaei , Ming Cao

As autonomous robots move into complex, dynamic real-world environments, they must learn to navigate safely in real time, yet anticipating all possible behaviors is infeasible. We propose a composable, model-free reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Xinhuan Sang , Abdelrahman Abdelgawad , Roberto Tron

Deploying self-navigating surface vessels in inland waterways offers a sustainable alternative to reduce road traffic congestion and emissions. However, navigating confined waterways presents unique challenges, including narrow channels,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sajad Ahmadi , Hossein Nejatbakhsh Esfahani , Javad Mohammadpour Velni

Autonomous vehicles must navigate dynamically uncertain environments while balancing safety and efficiency. This challenge is exacerbated by unpredictable human-driven vehicle (HV) behaviors and perception inaccuracies, necessitating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Rui Yang , Lei Zheng , Shuzhi Sam Ge , Jun Ma

Path-tracking control of self-driving vehicles can benefit from deep learning for tackling longstanding challenges such as nonlinearity and uncertainty. However, deep neural controllers lack safety guarantees, restricting their practical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Zhizhen Qin , Tsui-Wei Weng , Sicun Gao

The popularity of Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR), a risk functional from finance, has been growing in the control systems community due to its intuitive interpretation and axiomatic foundation. We consider a nonstandard optimal control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Margaret P. Chapman , Michael Fauss , Kevin M. Smith