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Related papers: Non-holomorphic modular forms from zeta generators

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The low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus one introduces infinite families of non-holomorphic modular forms called modular graph forms. Their differential and number-theoretic properties motivated Brown's…

Modular graph forms are a class of non-holomorphic modular forms that arise in the low-energy expansion of genus-one closed string amplitudes. In this work, we introduce a systematic procedure to convert lattice-sum representations of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-11 Emiel Claasen , Mehregan Doroudiani

We study generating series of torus integrals that contain all so-called modular graph forms relevant for massless one-loop closed-string amplitudes. By analysing the differential equation of the generating series we construct a solution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Jan E. Gerken , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

We derive new Poincar\'e-series representations for infinite families of non-holomorphic modular invariant functions that include modular graph forms as they appear in the low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Daniele Dorigoni , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

We introduce a new family of real analytic modular forms on the upper half plane. They are arguably the simplest class of `mixed' versions of modular forms of level one and are constructed out of real and imaginary parts of iterated…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-06 Francis Brown

The low-energy expansion of genus-one string amplitudes produces infinite families of non-holomorphic modular forms after each step of integrating over a point on the torus worldsheet which are known as elliptic modular graph forms (eMGFs).…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-18 Oliver Schlotterer , Yoann Sohnle , Yi-Xiao Tao

We continue the analysis of modular invariant functions, subject to inhomogeneous Laplace eigenvalue equations, that were determined in terms of Poincar\'e series in a companion paper. The source term of the Laplace equation is a product of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Daniele Dorigoni , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

The motivic coaction of multiple zeta values and multiple polylogarithms encodes both structural insights on and computational methods for scattering amplitudes in a variety of quantum field theories and in string theory. In this work, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-06 Axel Kleinschmidt , Franziska Porkert , Oliver Schlotterer

In this PhD thesis we study holomorphic and non-holomorphic elliptic analogues of multiple zeta values, namely elliptic multiple zeta values and modular graph functions. Both classes of functions have been discovered very recently, and are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-04-24 Federico Zerbini

Brown showed that the affine ring of the motivic path torsor $\pi_1^{\text{mot}}(\mathbb{P}^1 \backslash \left\{0,1,\infty\right\}, \vec{1}_0, -\vec{1}_1)$, whose periods are multiple zeta values, generates the Tannakian category…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Alex Saad

In this paper we investigate a result of Ueno on the modularity of generating series associated to the zeta functions of binary Hermitian forms previously studied by Elstrodt et al. We improve his result by showing that the generating…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Jorge Flórez , Cihan Karabulut , An Hoa Vu

Generalised Eisenstein series are non-holomorphic modular invariant functions of a complex variable, $\tau$, subject to a particular inhomogeneous Laplace eigenvalue equation on the hyperbolic upper-half $\tau$-plane. Two infinite classes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-26 Daniele Dorigoni , Rudolfs Treilis

There are a number of fundamental results in the study of holomorphic function theory associated to the discrete group PSL(2,Z) including the following statements: The ring of holomorphic modular forms is generated by the holomorphic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Jay Jorgenson , Lejla Smajlovic , Holger Then

A space of modular iterated integrals sits inside the space of real analytic modular forms. We present a theorem for producing length three modular iterated integrals which are not simply combinations of real analytic Eisenstein series;…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-18 Joshua Drewitt

The main goal of this paper is to study properties of the iterated integrals of modular forms in the upper halfplane, eventually multiplied by $z^{s-1}$, along geodesics connecting two cusps. This setting generalizes simultaneously the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yu. I. Manin

We investigate one-loop four-point scattering of non-abelian gauge bosons in heterotic string theory and identify new connections with the corresponding open-string amplitude. In the low-energy expansion of the heterotic-string amplitude,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-03-08 Jan E. Gerken , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

In this thesis, we investigate the low-energy expansion of scattering amplitudes of closed strings at one-loop level (i.e. at genus one) in a ten-dimensional Minkowski background using a special class of functions called modular graph…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-11-18 Jan E. Gerken

This introductory paper studies a class of real analytic functions on the upper half plane satisfying a certain modular transformation property. They are not eigenfunctions of the Laplacian and are quite distinct from Maass forms. These…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-27 Francis Brown

We give all possible holomorphic Eisenstein series on $\Gamma_0(p)$, of rational weights greater than $2$, and with multiplier systems the same as certain rational-weight eta-quotients at all cusps. We prove they are modular forms and give…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Xiao-Jie Zhu

Zeta generators are derivations associated with odd Riemann zeta values that act freely on the Lie algebra of the fundamental group of Riemann surfaces with marked points. The genus-zero incarnation of zeta generators are Ihara derivations…

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