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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is applied to solve hallucination problems and real-time constraints of large language models, but it also induces vulnerabilities against retrieval corruption attacks. Existing research mainly explores…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zhuo Chen , Jiawei Liu , Haotan Liu , Qikai Cheng , Fan Zhang , Wei Lu , Xiaozhong Liu

For dialogue response generation, traditional generative models generate responses solely from input queries. Such models rely on insufficient information for generating a specific response since a certain query could be answered in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Victoria Bi , Zhaopeng Tu , Xiaojiang Liu , Wai Lam , Shuming Shi

Previous works on the fairness of toxic language classifiers compare the output of models with different identity terms as input features but do not consider the impact of other important concepts present in the context. Here, besides…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Isar Nejadgholi , Esma Balkır , Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko

We propose TuringAdvice, a new challenge task and dataset for language understanding models. Given a written situation that a real person is currently facing, a model must generate helpful advice in natural language. Our evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Rowan Zellers , Ari Holtzman , Elizabeth Clark , Lianhui Qin , Ali Farhadi , Yejin Choi

Classification algorithms based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) are nowadays applied in high-stakes decisions in finance, healthcare, criminal justice, or education. Individuals can strategically adapt to the information gathered about…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Marta C. Couto , Flavia Barsotti , Fernando P. Santos

Pretrained neural language models (LMs) are prone to generating racist, sexist, or otherwise toxic language which hinders their safe deployment. We investigate the extent to which pretrained LMs can be prompted to generate toxic language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Samuel Gehman , Suchin Gururangan , Maarten Sap , Yejin Choi , Noah A. Smith

As machine learning is increasingly used to inform consequential decision-making (e.g., pre-trial bail and loan approval), it becomes important to explain how the system arrived at its decision, and also suggest actions to achieve a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Amir-Hossein Karimi , Bernhard Schölkopf , Isabel Valera

Transformer-based language models are able to generate fluent text and be efficiently adapted across various natural language generation tasks. However, language models that are pretrained on large unlabeled web text corpora have been shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Farshid Faal , Ketra Schmitt , Jia Yuan Yu

A repetition is a response that repeats words in the previous speaker's utterance in a dialogue. Repetitions are essential in communication to build trust with others, as investigated in linguistic studies. In this work, we focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Toshiki Kawamoto , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Considerable effort has been dedicated to mitigating toxicity, but existing methods often require drastic modifications to model parameters or the use of computationally intensive auxiliary models. Furthermore, previous approaches have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Luiza Pozzobon , Beyza Ermis , Patrick Lewis , Sara Hooker

The rapid evolution of e-commerce has exposed the limitations of traditional product retrieval systems in managing complex, multi-turn user interactions. Recent advances in multimodal generative retrieval -- particularly those leveraging…

Natural language generation models are computer systems that generate coherent language when prompted with a sequence of words as context. Despite their ubiquity and many beneficial applications, language generation models also have the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Amin Rasekh , Ian Eisenberg

AI tools, particularly large language modules, have recently proven their effectiveness within learning management systems and online education programmes. As feedback continues to play a crucial role in learning and assessment in schools,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Ievgeniia Kuzminykh , Tareita Nawaz , Shihao Shenzhang , Bogdan Ghita , Jeffery Raphael , Hannan Xiao

Large language models augmented with task-relevant documents have demonstrated impressive performance on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, regarding how to obtain effective documents, the existing methods are mainly divided into two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zhangyin Feng , Xiaocheng Feng , Dezhi Zhao , Maojin Yang , Bing Qin

Generic `toxicity' classifiers continue to be used for evaluating the potential for harm in natural language generation, despite mounting evidence of their shortcomings. We consider the challenge of measuring misogyny in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Aaron J. Snoswell , Lucinda Nelson , Hao Xue , Flora D. Salim , Nicolas Suzor , Jean Burgess

Providing rich, constructive feedback to students is essential for supporting and enhancing their learning. Recent advancements in Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly with large language models (LLMs), present new…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Euan D Lindsay , Mike Zhang , Aditya Johri , Johannes Bjerva

This paper introduces Personalized Path Recourse, a novel method that generates recourse paths for a reinforcement learning agent. The goal is to edit a given path of actions to achieve desired goals (e.g., better outcomes compared to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dat Hong , Tong Wang

In Large Language Models, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems can significantly enhance the performance of large language models by integrating external knowledge. However, RAG also introduces new security risks. Existing research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Linlin Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Laiqiao Qin , Longxiang Gao , Wanlei Zhou

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed to make a variety of consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on designing algorithms that can provide recourse to affected individuals. Existing recourse algorithms function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Kaivalya Rawal , Ece Kamar , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Consumer protection rules require companies that deploy models to automate decisions in high-stakes settings to explain predictions to decision subjects. These rules are motivated, in part, by the belief that explanations can promote…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-30 Harry Cheon , Anneke Wernerfelt , Sorelle A. Friedler , Berk Ustun
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