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Resource distribution is a fundamental problem in economic and policy design, particularly when demand and supply are not naturally aligned. Without regulation, wealthier individuals may monopolize this resource, leaving the needs of others…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Sychrovský , Jakub Černý , Martin Loebl

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities as autonomous agents with rapidly expanding applications in various domains. As these agents increasingly engage in socioeconomic interactions, identifying their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kushal Agrawal , Verona Teo , Juan J. Vazquez , Sudarsh Kunnavakkam , Vishak Srikanth , Andy Liu

Agents' judgment depends on perception and previous knowledge. Assuming that previous knowledge depends on perception, we can say that judgment depends on perception. So, if judgment depends on perception, can agents judge that they have…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-21 Ahmed M. Mahran

Online marketplaces will be transformed by autonomous AI agents acting on behalf of consumers. Rather than humans browsing and clicking, AI agents can parse webpages or leverage APIs to view, evaluate and choose products. We investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Amine Allouah , Omar Besbes , Josué D Figueroa , Yash Kanoria , Akshit Kumar

We develop a theoretical framework for understanding how cognitive load affects information processing in financial markets and test it using exogenous variation in disclosure complexity. Our model distinguishes between attention allocation…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-10 Yimin Du , Guolin Tang

Most of the work in the auction design literature assumes that bidders behave rationally based on the information available for every individual auction, and the revelation principle enables designers to restrict their efforts to incentive…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Juncheng Li , Pingzhong Tang

As LLM agents advance, they are increasingly mediating economic decisions, ranging from product discovery to transactions, on behalf of users. Such applications promise benefits but also raise many questions about agent accountability and…

Browsing privacy solutions face an uphill battle to deployment. Many operate counter to the economic objectives of popular online services (e.g., by completely blocking ads) and do not provide enough incentive for users who may be subject…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Arash Molavi Kakhki , Vijay Erramilli , Phillipa Gill , Augustin Chaintreau , Balachander Krishnamurthy

Agent-based models provide a constructive approach to studying emergent dynamics in life-like systems composed of interacting, adaptive agents. Financial markets serve as a canonical example of such systems, where collective price dynamics…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-28 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

A monopoly seller is privately and imperfectly informed about the buyer's value of the product. The seller uses information to price discriminate the buyer. A designer offers a mechanism that provides the seller with additional information…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-03-03 Shota Ichihashi , Alex Smolin

To improve the reasoning and question-answering capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), several multi-agent approaches have been introduced. While these methods enhance performance, the application of collective intelligence-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ciaran Regan , Alexandre Gournail , Mizuki Oka

We present results on simulations of a stock market with heterogeneous, cumulative information setup. We find a non-monotonic behaviour of traders' returns as a function of their information level. Particularly, the average informed agents…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Bence Toth , Enrico Scalas

AI shopping agents are being deployed to hundreds of millions of consumers, creating a new intermediary between platforms, sellers, and buyers. We identify a novel market failure: vertical tacit collusion, where platforms controlling…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Felipe M. Affonso

As information ecosystems grow more heterogeneous, both humans and artificial agents increasingly face a simple yet unresolved question: when seeking knowledge, whom should we ask, and why? Inspired by how people intuitively "read a room",…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Irene Celino

Modern content platforms offer paid promotion to mitigate cold start by allocating exposure via auctions. Our empirical analysis reveals a counterintuitive flaw in this paradigm: while promotion rescues low-to-medium quality content, it can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yumou Liu , Zhenzhe Zheng , Jiang Rong , Yao Hu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Internet market makers are always facing intense competitive environment, where personalized price reductions or discounted coupons are provided for attracting more customers. Participants in such a price war scenario have to invest a lot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Chenchen Li , Xiang Yan , Xiaotie Deng , Yuan Qi , Wei Chu , Le Song , Junlong Qiao , Jianshan He , Junwu Xiong

Auto-evaluating language models (LMs), i.e., using a grader LM to evaluate the candidate LM, is an appealing way to accelerate the evaluation process and the cost associated with it. But this presents a paradox: how can we trust the grader…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jin Peng Zhou , Sébastien M. R. Arnold , Nan Ding , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Nan Hua , Fei Sha

In many settings, multiple uninformed agents bargain simultaneously with a single informed agent in each of multiple periods. For example, workers and firms negotiate each year over salaries, and the firm has private information about the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-11-10 Quitzé Valenzuela-Stookey

We study a simple model of an asset market with informed and non-informed agents. In the absence of non-informed agents, the market becomes information efficient when the number of traders with different private information is large enough.…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2010-04-29 Fabio Caccioli , Matteo Marsili

Information foraging connects optimal foraging theory in ecology with how humans search for information. The theory suggests that, following an information scent, the information seeker must optimize the tradeoff between exploration by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Peter Wittek , Ying-Hsang Liu , Sándor Darányi , Tom Gedeon , Ik Soo Lim
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