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The rapid deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) requires careful consideration of their effect on cybersecurity. Our work aims to improve the selection process of LLMs that are suitable for facilitating Secure Coding (SC). This raises…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Anton Rydén , Erik Näslund , Elad Michael Schiller , Magnus Almgren

The overwhelming success of GPT-4 in early 2023 highlighted the transformative potential of large language models (LLMs) across various sectors, including national security. This article explores the implications of LLM integration within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 William N. Caballero , Phillip R. Jenkins

The immutable nature of blockchain technology, while revolutionary, introduces significant security challenges, particularly in smart contracts. These security issues can lead to substantial financial losses. Current tools and approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zhiyuan Wei , Jing Sun , Zijiang Zhang , Xianhao Zhang , Meng Li , Zhe Hou

The recent progression of Large Language Models (LLMs) has witnessed great success in the fields of data-centric applications. LLMs trained on massive textual datasets showed ability to encode not only context but also ability to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Mohammed Hassanin , Nour Moustafa

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly integral to diverse applications, their capabilities raise significant privacy concerns. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of privacy risks associated with LLMs and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Shibo Feng , Li Shen , Pengcheng Wu

The escalating digitalisation of our lives and enterprises has led to a parallel growth in the complexity and frequency of cyber-attacks. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly in Australia, are experiencing increased…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Benjamin Kereopa-Yorke

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

Spurred by the recent rapid increase in the development and distribution of large language models (LLMs) across industry and academia, much recent work has drawn attention to safety- and security-related threats and vulnerabilities of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Maximilian Mozes , Xuanli He , Bennett Kleinberg , Lewis D. Griffin

Smart contracts are a key component of the Web 3.0 ecosystem, widely applied in blockchain services and decentralized applications. However, the automated execution feature of smart contracts makes them vulnerable to potential attacks due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yanli Jin , Chunpei Li , Peng Fan , Peng Liu , Xianxian Li , Chen Liu , Wangjie Qiu

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including content generation, human-computer interaction, machine translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Songyang Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Jiameng Qiu , Xi Zhang , Feiran Huang , Litian Zhang , Yiming Hei , Philip S. Yu

This paper presents a critical examination of the surprising efficacy of Large Language Models (LLMs) in penetration testing. The paper thoroughly reviews the evolution of LLMs and their rapidly expanding capabilities which render them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

The hallucination problem of Large Language Models (LLMs) has increasingly drawn attention. Augmenting LLMs with external knowledge is a promising solution to address this issue. However, due to privacy and security concerns, a vast amount…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhaojiacheng Zhou , Hongze Liu , Shijing Yuan , Hanning Zhang , Jiong Lou , Chentao Wu , Jie Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

Applying large language models (LLMs) to modern power systems presents a promising avenue for enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency. However, this action may also incur potential security threats, which have not been fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Jiaqi Ruan , Gaoqi Liang , Huan Zhao , Guolong Liu , Xianzhuo Sun , Jing Qiu , Zhao Xu , Fushuan Wen , Zhao Yang Dong

Various deep learning-based approaches utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been proposed for automated vulnerability detection. With recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), several studies have begun exploring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Junji Yu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering has sparked interest in their use for software vulnerability detection. However, the rapid development of this field has resulted in a fragmented research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Sabrina Kaniewski , Fabian Schmidt , Markus Enzweiler , Michael Menth , Tobias Heer

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed the way computers understand and process human language, but using them effectively across different organizations remains still difficult. When organizations work together to improve LLMs, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Xuhan Zuo , Minghao Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Shui Yu , Wanlei Zhou

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) faces a significant challenge: the exhausting of publicly available fresh data. This is because training a LLM needs a large demanding of new data. Federated learning emerges as a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Xuhan Zuo , Minghao Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Dayong Ye , Shui Yu , Wanlei Zhou

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into supply chain management (SCM) is revolutionizing the industry by improving decision-making, predictive analytics, and operational efficiency. This white paper explores the transformative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Raha Aghaei , Ali A. Kiaei , Mahnaz Boush , Javad Vahidi , Zeynab Barzegar , Mahan Rofoosheh