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Representation learning constitutes a pivotal cornerstone in contemporary deep learning paradigms, offering a conduit to elucidate distinctive features within the latent space and interpret the deep models. Nevertheless, the inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Siyuan Dai , Kai Ye , Kun Zhao , Ge Cui , Haoteng Tang , Liang Zhan

In neutrino physics, analyses often depend on large simulated datasets, making it essential for models to generalise effectively to real-world detector data. Contrastive learning, a well-established technique in deep learning, offers a…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-05-23 Alex Wilkinson , Radi Radev , Saul Alonso-Monsalve

A common concern when a policymaker draws causal inferences from and makes decisions based on observational data is that the measured covariates are insufficiently rich to account for all sources of confounding, i.e., the standard no…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-25 Tao Shen , Yifan Cui

The field of generating recommendations within the framework of causal inference has seen a recent surge, with recommendations being likened to treatments. This approach enhances insights into the influence of recommendations on user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Guanglin Zhou , Chengkai Huang , Xiaocong Chen , Xiwei Xu , Chen Wang , Liming Zhu , Lina Yao

Recent methods for learning unsupervised visual representations, dubbed contrastive learning, optimize the noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) bound on mutual information between two views of an image. NCE uses randomly sampled negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Mike Wu , Milan Mosse , Chengxu Zhuang , Daniel Yamins , Noah Goodman

High-dimensional data acquired from biological experiments such as next generation sequencing are subject to a number of confounding effects. These effects include both technical effects, such as variation across batches from instrument…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Kabir Manghnani , Adam Drake , Nathan Wan , Imran Haque

Cross-domain HVAC energy prediction is essential for scalable building energy management, particularly because collecting extensive labeled data for every new building is both costly and impractical. Yet, this task remains highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Kaiyuan Zhai , Jiacheng Cui , Zhehao Zhang , Junyu Xue , Yang Deng , Kui Wu , Guoming Tang

Contrastive representation learning has been recently proved to be very efficient for self-supervised training. These methods have been successfully used to train encoders which perform comparably to supervised training on downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Ibrahim Merad , Yiyang Yu , Emmanuel Bacry , Stéphane Gaïffas

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) is crucial for precision medicine. While multiple studies can improve the generalizability of results, leveraging them for estimation is statistically challenging. Existing approaches often…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-22 Cathy Shyr , Boyu Ren , Prasad Patil , Giovanni Parmigiani

Understanding the severity of conditions shown in images in medical diagnosis is crucial, serving as a key guide for clinical assessment, treatment, as well as evaluating longitudinal progression. This paper proposes Con- PrO: a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Hong Nguyen , Hoang Nguyen , Melinda Chang , Hieu Pham , Shrikanth Narayanan , Michael Pazzani

This paper presents SimCLR: a simple framework for contrastive learning of visual representations. We simplify recently proposed contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms without requiring specialized architectures or a memory bank.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton

Estimating treatment effects is of great importance for many biomedical applications with observational data. Particularly, interpretability of the treatment effects is preferable for many biomedical researchers. In this paper, we first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-28 Kan Chen , Qishuo Yin , Qi Long

We study the problem of inferring heterogeneous treatment effects from time-to-event data. While both the related problems of (i) estimating treatment effects for binary or continuous outcomes and (ii) predicting survival outcomes have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Alicia Curth , Changhee Lee , Mihaela van der Schaar

Unsupervised learning has made substantial progress over the last few years, especially by means of contrastive self-supervised learning. The dominating dataset for benchmarking self-supervised learning has been ImageNet, for which recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-17 Karin Stacke , Jonas Unger , Claes Lundström , Gabriel Eilertsen

Unsupervised representation learning has succeeded with excellent results in many applications. It is an especially powerful tool to learn a good representation of environments with partial or noisy observations. In partially observable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Zhaohan Daniel Guo , Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar , Bilal Piot , Bernardo A. Pires , Rémi Munos

The need to evaluate treatment effectiveness is ubiquitous in most of empirical science, and interest in flexibly investigating effect heterogeneity is growing rapidly. To do so, a multitude of model-agnostic, nonparametric meta-learners…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-26 Alicia Curth , Mihaela van der Schaar

Estimating how a treatment affects different individuals, known as heterogeneous treatment effect estimation, is an important problem in empirical sciences. In the last few years, there has been a considerable interest in adapting machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Christopher Tran , Keith Burghardt , Kristina Lerman , Elena Zheleva

Contrastive self-supervised learning has outperformed supervised pretraining on many downstream tasks like segmentation and object detection. However, current methods are still primarily applied to curated datasets like ImageNet. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Wouter Van Gansbeke , Simon Vandenhende , Stamatios Georgoulis , Luc Van Gool

CTR prediction has been widely used in the real world. Many methods model feature interaction to improve their performance. However, most methods only learn a fixed representation for each feature without considering the varying importance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Fangye Wang , Yingxu Wang , Dongsheng Li , Hansu Gu , Tun Lu , Peng Zhang , Ning Gu

When treatments are non-randomly assigned, continuous, and yield heterogeneous effects at the same intensity, causal identification becomes particularly challenging. In such contexts, existing approaches often fail to provide…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-05 Augusto Cerqua , Roberta Di Stefano , Raffaele Mattera
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